NKX3-1 (NK3 homeobox 1)

Subsequent radium-223 therapy further reduced bone metastases and normalized ALP levels, leading to substantial functional recovery. Furthermore, the favorable response to EP highlights the potential role of platinum-based chemotherapy in managing low-PSA, high-grade PC. Additional cases are needed to refine the clinical characterization of AVPC and establish evidence-based treatment guidelines.

Immunostain for androgen receptor was strongly and diffusely positive in the primary tumor and in the nodal metastasis, which together with focal staining for NKX3.1 were suggestive of primary prostatic origin and invited consideration of androgen deprivation therapy. This report highlights a rare prostatic Ewing-family sarcoma harboring an EWSR1::FEV fusion and immunophenotypic features that mimic a neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Given the frequency of NKX3.1 expression in benign bronchial elements, pathologists should interpret NKX3.1 staining in transbronchial FNAs with caution to avoid misdiagnosing metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Notably, NKX3.1-positive malignant cells were also identified in a follow-up voided urine sample. This case underscores the potential utility of urine cytology, particularly when supplemented by immunocytochemistry, in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

We propose that the initial IHC panel should include TRPS1, CK7 and CK20. In TRPS1-negative cases, additional immunostains should be performed: CDX2 and SATB2 for colonic; p63, GATA3 and uroplakin II/III for urothelial; and PSA and NKX3.1 for prostatic secondary EMPD.

No ABC showed AR positivity, while this was observed in rare cells (IRS 1-2) in 30.8%, 16.6%, and 37.5% of TSCs, EPTs, and ABHs, respectively. HoxB13 can be a useful and reliable marker for identification of TSPs, EPTs and ABCs.

The findings of this investigation corroborated the notion that prospective novel markers, including GSTP1, PTEN, and NKX3.1, may serve predictive and prognostic functions in prostate cancer, hence enhancing the efficacy of PSA in its diagnosis. Dietary trends may influence the optimization of many epigenetic processes. Targeted therapeutic nutritional interventions designed to enhance gene expression will facilitate the formulation of prostate cancer prevention methods.

He was started on androgen deprivation therapy with relugolix...It also raises awareness of prostate cancer presenting as solitary cutaneous metastasis and calls attention to the potential value of PSA screening in select elderly patients. Recognizing uncommon cutaneous manifestations may lead to earlier diagnosis and improved management of advanced internal malignancies.

Our study further demonstrated that these molecules exhibited dose-dependent effects on inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, as evidenced by increased p21 and decreased BCL-2 protein levels, leading to activated cell death and suppressed cellular migration. In conclusion, these semi-synthetic sapogenol derivatives demonstrate significant potential as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, offering a promising approach for targeting prostatic inflammation and inflammation-driven prostate carcinogenesis.

No recurrence was found after 6 months of postoperative follow-up, and the sputum count had markedly decreased. This case report aids in elucidating the pathogenesis of MGA and NKX3.1-positive lung tumours.

With newer therapies and prolonged survival of patients with prostate cancer, clinicians will likely encounter more cases in the future. Gastroenterologists can play a key role in diagnosis and palliative treatment.