NKX2-1 expression

We conclude that NKX2-1 is a potential biomarker for prognosis and treatment LUSC. A new insights of NKX2-1 in LUSC is still needed further research.

Immunostaining for TTF1 and PAX8 can help in distinguishing PMM from PLA in the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions detected in patients with a history of MA/MLA.

Immunohistochemically, the most tumor cells were coexpressed positive for both TTF-1 and p40. In our study, NSCLC with TTF-1 and p40 coexpression is rare; therefore, it is necessary to obtain further data and examine similar cases to establish more precise definitions and clinicopathological features.

We present a case report of a 76-year-old male with a histologically confirmed KRAS mutated, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) positive, grade 1, mucinous adenocarcinoma with cytologically difficult to interpret lymph node metastasis showing loss of TTF1 expression and overlapping features with goblet cell hyperplasia. The case highlights the importance of molecular testing in aiding diagnosis and guiding treatment of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC).

NKX2-1 has been identified as the putative target of H19 lncRNA, which is overexpressed in nodular goiter tissues significantly.

In 2015, the first description of a rare non-small cell lung carcinoma featuring co-expression of glandular and squamous differentiation within most of the same individual tumor cells was reported on, with ultrastructural and molecular demonstration of such a biphenotypic differentiation. We herein describe an additional case of this rare tumor entity, which is confirmed to be an aggressive neoplasm despite potential targets of therapy.

Primary pulmonary gangliocytic paragangliomas should be distinguished from carcinoid tumors, given the different natural histories and risk stratification approaches for these morphologically similar tumors. Awareness that gangliocytic paraganglioma may occur in the lung and appropriate immunohistochemical studies are key to correct diagnosis.

Although imaging diagnosis is still difficult, combined clinical and imaging features more than 40% of primary lesions were considered for the possibility of PSC in our group. Early histopathological diagnosis is necessary to help develop a reasonable regimen.

FLCN alterations are exceedingly rare in TCa with an incidence of pathogenic changes below 1%. However, FLCN may exceptionally serve as a key driver mutation in TCa, based on our index patient. Identification of FLCN mutations may be clinically important due to possible presence of a germline mutation predisposing to renal tumors and potential responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Conclusions. Lung carcinoma with p40/TTF1 coexpression is a rare tumor with high metastatic potential and may originate from p40/TTF1 coexpression cells in distal bronchial mucosa.

It is necessary to identify this subset of lung adenocarcinoma by carrying out BRG1 stain routinely on lung adenocarcinoma. These patients can then be identified and benefit from targeted therapies.

Signal transduction and cell proliferation were evaluated after treatment with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and the selective IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) inhibitor NVP-ADW742...They lacked tumorigenicity and prominent gene mutations involved in thyroid cancer development, while missense mutations were found in some tumor suppressors as revealed by WGS. The CAT458s and 459 provide a new tool to further clarify the process of thyroid multi-step carcinogenesis and differentiation.

Additional histochemical staining with Alcian blue revealed a positive reaction with a homogeneous acellular substance of the tumor. A comprehensive morphological study with the use of additional stains made it possible to accurately establish the diagnosis, which will determine the further tactics of managing the patient.

Mutated EGFR or ALK fusions were not detected. Our study demonstrates that pulmonary enteric-type adenocarcinomas share immunohistochemical features and genetic alterations with colorectal adenocarcinomas, which are characterized by frequent activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and a lack of actionable mutations.

No abstract available

Recognition of this unique subtype may provide clues for solving the long-standing issues of NEC and appropriate therapeutic stratification. It is important to accurately identify POU2F3-expressing carcinomas by immunohistochemistry and to analyze their clinicopathological features.

Alveolar adenoma should be carefully considered in the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules. Complete surgical removal of the lesion is widely used in its primary management.

Moreover, the median OS was significantly longer in patients receiving chemoimmunotherapy including pemetrexed than in those receiving chemoimmunotherapy not including pemetrexed among the patients with diffusely TTF-1-positive tumors (not attained versus 23.2 mo, p < 0.01). The positive extent of diffuse TTF-1 expression associated with patient outcome was an independent predictive factor for better progression-free survival and OS in patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC receiving chemoimmunotherapy.

We detected associations, not described so far, between immunohistochemical expression and specific gene variants, which could have an impact on the treatment of NSCLC patients.

Long-term efficacy was generally observed in TTF-1-negative patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab plus carboplatin plus paclitaxel (ABCP) (median PFS 22.5 months, median OS not reached). ICI monotherapy is generally less efficacious in TTF-1-negative NS-NSCLC patients, and clinicians should consider ICI plus chemotherapy in these cases. Our study suggests that ABCP is an optimal regimen for TTF-1-negative NS-NSCLC.

Conclusions : The frequency of BRAF and V600E mutation is consistent with data from the world literature. Non-monomer V600E mutations, aggressive micropapillary histological structure of the tumor and negative expression of the immunohistochemical marker TTF-1 are associated with an unfavorable prognosis.

Certain PitNET subtypes have been recognized as clinically more aggressive, referred to as high-risk PitNETs. However, it is worth noting that the classification does not introduce a new grading system for PitNETs.

There was a highly significant relationship between pleural fluid, TTF-1, and lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.000). The data provided further evidence that TTF-1 is a useful marker for distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinoma tumors.

An in-depth understanding of GMNDI is conducive to better diagnosis and treatment planning for gastric metastases and subsequent improvement in patient prognosis.

Patients with TTF-1-negative and EGFR-mutant LUAD show a diminished response to EGFR-TKIs.

Prognosis varies by tumor subtype and certain tumor subtypes are recognized as more aggressive(high-risk PitNETs)than others. Potentially aggressive PitNETs should be identified on an individual basis upon considering the tumor subtype, proliferative potential, and tumor invasion assessment.

These data suggest that TTF-1 could potentially represent a gender-related biomarker in this population. Further analyses are needed to establish the value of this observation, and to determine the value of TTF-1 as prognostic biomarker for lung NET.

Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor blocker, did not have any cytostatic activity in PTC cells, and it also failed to induce redifferentiation in vitro. However, we found that the drug blocked the inhibitory effect of IL-6 on NIS expression. In summary, IL-6 inhibits NIS transcription in PTC cells by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase and Janus kinase signaling.

The results propose that TTF-1 and PD-L1 are predictive factor for the clinical outcome of combined chemoimmunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma patients. The study findings could assist in making more informed treatment decisions in the future.

Lack of TTF-1 expression was associated with impaired outcomes to IO, chemo-IO, and G12Ci in KRAS mutated advanced LUAD.

TTF-1 was largely located in the nucleus of ADC, while it always accumulated in the cytoplasm of SCC. The higher level of TTF-1 in the different subcellular locations of ADC and SCC was an independent, favorable prognostic factor, respectively. Increased TTF-1 in the cytoplasm of SCC was associated with a longer OS and DFS.

Distinguishing primary and secondary tumors of the kidney is essential to guide treatment and prevent unnecessary surgery, so clinical information, radiology, histological correlation of the primary tumor, and immunohistochemical findings help the pathologist determine correct diagnosis.

The TTF-1-positive group with programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score greater than or equal to 50% had a significantly longer PFS than the other groups (p = 0.02). TTF-1 positivity is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with combined chemoimmunotherapy.

The radiomic features-based models lack accuracy in predicting clinical characteristics and outcomes. Further validation with larger cohorts is warranted.Statistics of radiomics-based models in predicting clinical characteristics and treatment outcomesDurable Disease Control(Yes/No)(n=64)TTF1 expression(Yes/No)(n=62)Histology(Adeno/Other)(n=71)NLR(>=5/<5)(n=71)PD-L1 expression(Yes/No)(n=52)Patient Number(%)33 (51.56%) / 31 (48.44%)37 (59.68%) / 25 (40.32%)48 (67.61%) / 23 (32.39%)28 (39.44%) / 43 (60.56%)35 (67.31%) / 17 (32.69%)Sensitivity (95% CI)0.63 (0.58, 0.72)0.62 (0.56, 0.74)0.69 (0.56, 0.82)0.55 (0.47, 0.61)0.57 (0.48, 0.65)Specificity (95% CI)0.46 (0.37, 0.52)0.68 (0.58, 0.76)0.22 (0.12, 0.34)0.60 (0.56, 0.68)0.36 (0.30, 0.45)Positive Predictive Value(95% CI)0.52 (0.49, 0.57)0.44(0.37, 0.60)0.62 (0.59, 0.64)0.69 (0.67, 0.74)0.72 (0.68, 0.77)Negative Predictive Value(95% CI)0.58 (0.54, 0.63)0.79 (0.74, 0.88)0.28 (0.22, 0.32)0.46 (0.39, 0.51)0.25 (0.21, 0.28)

In conclusion, we established mouse thyroid adenoma cell lines with different differentiation and molecular profiles. CAT458s and 459 cells would provide a tool to further clarify the process of thyroid adenoma development and thyroid differentiation.

Our results revealed that PAX9 expression defines an aggressive subset of LADs preferentially occurring in smokers that may arise from bronchial or bronchiolar cells.