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    CANCER:

    Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

    1d
    Dynamic immune yin-yang in chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms mechanisms, therapeutic implications, and future directions. (PubMed, Mol Immunol)
    Emerging immunomodulatory therapies-such as interferon-α, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, and other immunoregulatory agents-have demonstrated efficacy primarily by restoring immune balance. This review outlines the dual roles of immune cells and cytokines in MPN pathophysiology, emphasizes the significance of immune yin-yang imbalance, and evaluates current and prospective immunotherapeutic strategies for targeted immunologic intervention.
    Review • Journal
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    IL6 (Interleukin 6) • IL10 (Interleukin 10) • TGFB1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta)
    1d
    The Role and Impact of Non-driver Gene Mutations in Myelofibrosis. (PubMed, Curr Hematol Malig Rep)
    This review offers an updated synthesis of the evolving molecular landscape of MF, highlighting how the intricate interplay among genetic alterations has deepened our understanding of disease heterogeneity, allowing refined risk stratification and therapeutic planning. Advances emerging from molecular research and experimental models are progressively translating into clinical practice, promoting more personalized and targeted approaches to the management of MF.
    Review • Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • IDH2 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2) • DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 1) • JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) • RUNX1 (RUNX Family Transcription Factor 1) • SF3B1 (Splicing Factor 3b Subunit 1) • ASXL1 (ASXL Transcriptional Regulator 1) • TET2 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2) • SRSF2 (Serine and arginine rich splicing factor 2) • U2AF1 (U2 Small Nuclear RNA Auxiliary Factor 1) • CALR (Calreticulin) • ZRSR2 (Zinc Finger CCCH-Type, RNA Binding Motif And Serine/Arginine Rich 2)
    2d
    Headache and Papilledema Unmasking an Underlying Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: A Case of Chronic Recanalized Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis. (PubMed, Cureus)
    Thrombocytosis on full blood count, previously uninvestigated, prompted hematological assessment and led to the diagnosis of a JAK2-positive myeloproliferative neoplasm, for which cytoreductive therapy was initiated alongside anticoagulation. This case underscores the importance of performing venous imaging in patients with headache and papilledema, even when features suggest IIH, and highlights that thrombocytosis should prompt evaluation for an underlying myeloproliferative disorder to guide long-term management and prevent recurrent thrombosis.
    Journal
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    JAK2 (Janus kinase 2)
    2d
    Cannabidiol modulates exosomal miRNA networks to enhance Imatinib mesylate response in chronic myelogenous leukemia. (PubMed, Glob Med Genet)
    Circulating miRNAs are valuable biomarkers for TKI resistance in CML. Targeting HMGB1-associated miRNAs, together with combined CBD and IM treatment, may help re-establish apoptotic regulation and overcome resistance mechanisms.
    Journal
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    ABL1 (ABL proto-oncogene 1) • BCR (BCR Activator Of RhoGEF And GTPase) • HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1) • MIR33A (MicroRNA 33a) • MIR615 (MicroRNA 615)
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    BCR-ABL1 fusion
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    imatinib
    5d
    Age- and gender-based frequency and association of common myeloproliferative mutations in a South African cohort. (PubMed, Afr J Lab Med)
    MPN genetic testing in South Africa predominantly targeted male patients (ratio 1.4:1). BCR::ABL1 was the most common abnormality, particularly in individuals aged 18 to 49 years, while JAK-2 p.V617F showed a slight female predominance (1:1.2).
    Journal
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    ABL1 (ABL proto-oncogene 1) • BCR (BCR Activator Of RhoGEF And GTPase) • JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) • CALR (Calreticulin)
    6d
    OPTIMIZE: HLA-Mismatched Unrelated Donor Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation With Reduced Dose Post Transplantation Cyclophosphamide GvHD Prophylaxis (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=313, Active, not recruiting, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Enrollment closed
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    HLA-DRB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1) • HLA-B (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, B) • HLA-DPB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DP Beta 1) • HLA-C (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, C)
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    cyclophosphamide • melphalan • fludarabine IV • mesna • busulfan
    7d
    Early catheter-directed portal vein thrombolysis in myeloproliferative disorder-related diffuse mesenteric venous ischemia: A case report. (PubMed, World J Gastroenterol)
    Early low-dose catheter-directed thrombolysis provided a safe and effective treatment for a patient with noncirrhotic, nonmalignant PVT associated with mesenteric ischemia, demonstrating the utility of an alternative treatment for PVT.
    Journal
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    JAK2 (Janus kinase 2)
    7d
    Maladaptive somatic gene rescue as predisposition to JAK2 molecular abnormalities? Insights from an Israeli family. (PubMed, Ann Hematol)
    Our patient carried two acquired molecular abnormalities involving JAK2 gene (PCM1::JAK2 fusion and JAK2 H531Y) along with a germline mutation (BLM Y736fs*5, variant allele frequency VAF 41.7%), whereas his sister had the canonical JAK2 V617F driver mutation. This particular pedigree could arise the hypothesis of a genetic predisposition to acquire different JAK2 molecular abnormalities as a maladaptive somatic genetic rescue of an underlying germline predisposition, namely the germline BLM Y736fs*5 mutation.
    Journal
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    JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) • PCM1 (Pericentriolar Material 1)
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    JAK2 rearrangement
    7d
    MDS: Pacritinib With Aza for Upfront Myelodysplastic Syndrome (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=25, Not yet recruiting, Thomas Jefferson University
    New P1/2 trial
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    azacitidine • Vonjo (pacritinib)
    8d
    Cutaneous Eruptions as a Consequence of Myeloid Leukemic Infiltration: Differential Diagnosis With a Benign Dermatosis. (PubMed, Cureus)
    Further investigation revealed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arising from blastic transformation of ET, with probable cutaneous involvement consistent with leukemia cutis. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion when evaluating new or treatment-refractory skin lesions in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), as early recognition may allow timely diagnosis of leukemic transformation and prompt initiation of appropriate therapy.
    Journal
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    JAK2 (Janus kinase 2)
    8d
    Imaging Flow Cytometry Detection of Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Circulating CD34+ Cells Predicts Leukemic Transformation in Myelofibrosis. (PubMed, Cytometry A)
    This pilot study demonstrates that imaging flow cytometry-based FISH of circulating CD34/CD45-positive cells enables real-time, blood-based surveillance for cytogenetic evolution in myelofibrosis. The ability to dynamically track clone size and hierarchy highlights its potential as an early predictor of leukemic transformation in myelofibrosis.
    Journal
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    CD34 (CD34 molecule) • PTPRC (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C)
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    Chr del(17p) • Chr del(5q)
    8d
    The effects of the PHF6 gene mutation on myeloid neoplasms. A single-center cohort underpinned by a systematic review of literature. (PubMed, Ann Hematol)
    There were no significant differences in time to blast transformation or time to next treatment depending on PHF6 gene status. According to the results of most studies published to date (SR), PHF6MUT has a prognostic role in MNs; our results are consistent in terms of clinical outcomes, but these marginal effects should be interpreted with caution in the context of existing prognostic models given the limitations of the small sample size.
    Retrospective data • Review • Journal
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    PHF6 (PHD Finger Protein 6)