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GENE:

MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor)

i
Other names: MYCL, MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor, Class E Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein 38, Myc-Related Gene From Lung Cancer, Protein L-Myc-1, Protein L-Myc, BHLHe38 , MYCL1, LMYC, V-Myc Avian Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog 1 Lung Carcinoma Derived 2, V-Myc Avian Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Lung Carcinoma Derived Homolog 3, V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog 1 Lung Carcinoma Derived 3, V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog, L-Myc-1 Proto-Oncogene, L-Myc Protein 2 Oncogene Lmyc, BHLHE38, L-Myc
13d
Genomic and immune landscape of recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck progressing on anti-PD1 treatment. (PubMed, Cancer Immunol Res)
Additionally, high B2M expression correlated with greater T cell infiltration and improved survival following anti-PD1 therapy. Tumor cell B2M expression was independent of TMB and PD-L1 expression, suggesting that B2M expression could serve as an additional biomarker for anti-PD1 response.
Journal • Tumor mutational burden • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • B2M (Beta-2-microglobulin) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor)
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PD-L1 expression
23d
Circ_0001839 modulates the oncogenic MYCL rs1038259890 (p.G83S) mutation to promote B[a]P-induced malignant transformation in 16HBE cells. (PubMed, J Hazard Mater)
Functional integration analysis demonstrated that circ_0001839 depletion potentiates the oncogenic effects of the MYCL p.Gly83Ser mutation, accelerating B[a]P-induced malignant transformation through dysregulated transcriptional networks. This study explores the regulatory function of circRNAs on gene mutations during chemicals-induced carcinogenesis, offering innovative insights into the toxicological effects and biological pathways of B[a]P on human health.
Journal
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MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor)
1m
Precision Medicine Program in Chinese Pediatric Patients With Sarcoma. (PubMed, JCO Precis Oncol)
Our study reveals the preliminary molecular landscape of Chinese pediatric sarcomas, indicating that molecular changes may represent different therapeutic responses and pathologic characteristics may correlate with molecular characteristics, suggesting the need for panel sequencing for pediatric sarcoma.
Journal
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TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • EWSR1 (EWS RNA Binding Protein 1) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • FLI1 (Fli-1 Proto-Oncogene ETS Transcription Factor)
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TP53 mutation • KRAS mutation • NRAS mutation
2ms
A MYC Family Switch: L-MYC Drives and Maintains Neuroendocrine Lineage Programs in Prostate Cancer. (PubMed, bioRxiv)
We further identify ASCL1 and INSM1 as upstream regulators of MYCL, establishing a conserved neuroendocrine transcriptional axis. Together, these findings define MYCL as a lineage-specific regulator that drives neuroendocrine identity and plasticity in advanced prostate cancer.
Journal
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MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • ASCL1 (Achaete-Scute Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1)
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MYCL expression
3ms
Single-Cell Analysis of L-Myc Expressing Neural Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles Revealed Distinct Progenitor Populations With Neurogenic Potential. (PubMed, J Extracell Biol)
These LMNSC-EVs (collected from undifferentiated LMNSCs) demonstrated neuroprotective effects in a brain organoid model of methotrexate-induced toxicity when added to corresponding LMNSC01- or LMNSC02-derived brain organoids. LMNSC01- and LMNSC02-derived EVs restored neuronal and astrocytic populations but failed to rescue OPCs. These findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of LMNSC-derived EVs to counter chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity by preserving neurones and astrocytes, while highlighting the need for repeated or complementary interventions to restore oligodendrocyte populations.
Journal
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MYC (V-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • CD9 (CD9 Molecule) • CD81 (CD81 Molecule)
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methotrexate
5ms
The Role of MYC in Tumor Immune Microenvironment Regulation: Insights and Future Directions. (PubMed, Front Biosci (Landmark Ed))
While direct targeting of MYC has proven challenging, recent advances in therapeutic strategies, including MYC-MYC-associated factor X (MAX) dimerization inhibitors, bromodomain and extra terminal domain (BET) and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, synthetic lethality approaches, and epigenetic modulators, have shown promising results in preclinical and early clinical settings. This review discusses MYC's comprehensive impact on TIME and examines the promising therapeutic strategies of MYC inhibition in enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapies, supported by recent preclinical and clinical findings.
Review • Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • MYC (V-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog) • MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • MAX (MYC Associated Factor X)
5ms
SYNERGY-AI: Artificial Intelligence Based Precision Oncology Clinical Trial Matching and Registry (clinicaltrials.gov)
P=N/A, N=50000, Recruiting, Massive Bio, Inc. | Trial completion date: Jun 2027 --> Jun 2040 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2026 --> Dec 2038
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • FLT3 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3) • ABL1 (ABL proto-oncogene 1) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset) • BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset) • FGFR2 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • ROS1 (Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ROS) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • NTRK1 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1) • BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • IDH2 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2) • NTRK3 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3) • NTRK2 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2) • STK11 (Serine/threonine kinase 11) • NPM1 (Nucleophosmin 1) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) • DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 1) • ERBB3 (V-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3) • RB1 (RB Transcriptional Corepressor 1) • CLDN18 (Claudin 18) • PDGFRA (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha) • NF1 (Neurofibromin 1) • JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) • NRG1 (Neuregulin 1) • POLE (DNA Polymerase Epsilon) • AKT1 (V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • CCND1 (Cyclin D1) • MCL1 (Myeloid cell leukemia 1) • KDR (Kinase insert domain receptor) • PBRM1 (Polybromo 1) • BAP1 (BRCA1 Associated Protein 1) • VEGFA (Vascular endothelial growth factor A) • BCL6 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6) • PDGFRB (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta) • PTCH1 (Patched 1) • FGFR4 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4) • MSH6 (MutS homolog 6) • CDK4 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4) • MSH2 (MutS Homolog 2) • CTNNB1 (Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1) • MAP2K2 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2) • FBXW7 (F-Box And WD Repeat Domain Containing 7) • WT1 (WT1 Transcription Factor) • ATRX (ATRX Chromatin Remodeler) • BRCA (Breast cancer early onset) • RAF1 (Raf-1 Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine Kinase) • TSC2 (TSC complex subunit 2) • CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase 2) • PD-L2 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2) • ERBB4 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4) • JAK1 (Janus Kinase 1) • FANCA (FA Complementation Group A) • TSC1 (TSC complex subunit 1) • MDM4 (The mouse double minute 4) • POLD1 (DNA Polymerase Delta 1) • CDK6 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 6) • CEBPA (CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha) • PARP1 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1) • AURKA (Aurora kinase A) • JAK3 (Janus Kinase 3) • RICTOR (RPTOR Independent Companion Of MTOR Complex 2) • CHEK1 (Checkpoint kinase 1) • GATA6 (GATA Binding Protein 6) • MSH3 (MutS Homolog 3) • TGFBR2 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 2) • GNAS (GNAS Complex Locus) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • AKT2 (V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2) • CCND2 (Cyclin D2) • CCND3 (Cyclin D3) • CSF1R (Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor) • MAP3K1 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 1) • ERCC4 (ERCC Excision Repair 4, Endonuclease Catalytic Subunit) • HDAC1 (Histone Deacetylase 1) • PRDM1 (PR/SET Domain 1) • ZNF217 (Zinc Finger Protein 217) • CDKN1A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) • GATA3 (GATA binding protein 3) • PARP2 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 2) • PARP3 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Family Member 3) • SDHA (Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Flavoprotein Subunit A) • ACVR1B (Activin A Receptor Type 1B) • ZNF703 (Zinc Finger Protein 703)
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HER-2 mutation • AKT1 mutation
6ms
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 sustains Tip60-EP400 complex via SRSF1 in Merkel cell carcinoma. (PubMed, Life Sci Alliance)
PRMT5 inhibition disrupts this recruitment, leading to widespread splicing defects, including exon skipping and intron retention. These results provide new insights into PRMT5's role in splicing regulation and may have broader implications for targeting splicing dysregulation in MYC-driven cancers.
Journal
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TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • MTAP (Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • PRMT5 (Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5) • EP400 (E1A Binding Protein P400)
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TP53 wild-type • MTAP deletion
7ms
Genetic mutations in recurrent and/or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma - an analysis of the Japanese national genomic profiling database. (PubMed, Otolaryngol Pol)
The hazard ratios for cases with these mutations were 0.0122 (95% CI, 1.58×10<sup>-4</sup>-0.936, p = 0.046) for <i>TP53</i>, 1847.0 (95% CI, 4.619-7.386×10<sup>5</sup>, p = 0.014) for <i>DNMT3A</i>, 126.7 (95% CI, 1.262-12720, p = 0.039) for <i>BRCA2</i>, 197.9 (95% CI, 2.844-13770, p = 0.015) for <i>ALK</i>, 34.22 (95% CI, 1.256-932.7, p = 0.036) for <i>SPEN</i>, and 6.445×10<sup>-4</sup> (95% CI, 2.913×10<sup>-6</sup>-0.143, p = 7.6×10<sup>-3</sup>) for <i>MYCL</i>.<b></b> This study identified genetic mutations in recurrent and/or metastatic NPC. Even in advanced cases, prognosis-related mutations were identified, underscoring the importance of cancer genomic profiling tests.
Journal • BRCA Biomarker
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ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset) • BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset) • STK11 (Serine/threonine kinase 11) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 1) • NOTCH1 (Notch 1) • MTAP (Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase) • KMT2A (Lysine Methyltransferase 2A) • KMT2D (Lysine Methyltransferase 2D) • CDKN2B (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2B) • TSC1 (TSC complex subunit 1) • EP300 (E1A binding protein p300) • GNAS (GNAS Complex Locus) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor)
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TP53 mutation
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FoundationOne® CDx • FoundationOne® Liquid CDx
10ms
Amplification of extrachromosomal MYC paralogs shapes immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in small cell lung cancer. (PubMed, Clin Cancer Res)
Extrachromosomal amplification of MYC-paralogs shapes suppressive TIME, identifying potential subgroup of immunotherapy resistant patients.
Journal • IO biomarker
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MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • FOXP3 (Forkhead Box P3) • MKI67 (Marker of proliferation Ki-67)
10ms
In vivo functional screens reveal KEAP1 loss as a driver of chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer. (PubMed, Sci Adv)
Data from the IMpower133 clinical trial revealed ~6% of patients with extensive-stage SCLC exhibit KEAP1 genetic alterations, with activation of a KEAP1/NRF2 transcriptional signature associated with reduced survival upon chemotherapy treatment. While roles for KEAP1/NRF2 have been unappreciated in SCLC, our genetic screens revealed KEAP1 loss as a driver of chemoresistance, while patient genomic analyses demonstrate clinical importance.
Preclinical • Journal
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KEAP1 (Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein 1) • MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor)
11ms
BISCAY: Open-Label, Randomised, Multi-Drug, Biomarker-Directed, Phase 1b Study in Pts w/ Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=117, Active, not recruiting, AstraZeneca | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> Jan 2026
Trial completion date
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HRD (Homologous Recombination Deficiency) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • RB1 (RB Transcriptional Corepressor 1) • CCNE1 (Cyclin E1) • MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • MYCL (MYCL Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor)
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FGFR3 mutation • CDKN2A deletion • FGFR fusion
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Lynparza (olaparib) • Imfinzi (durvalumab) • Koselugo (selumetinib) • adavosertib (AZD1775) • fexagratinib (ABSK091) • vistusertib (AZD2014) • danvatirsen (AZD9150)