MSI (Microsatellite instability)

All tumours demonstrated a low tumour mutation burden (TMB) (1.6-3.9 mut/Mb) and no microsatellite instability (MSI), explaining no sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. NGS assays may enable accurate diagnosis and identify predictive biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets - of particular importance in poor-prognosis entities such as UPS. Our report is consistent with the literature classifying UPS as malignancy with a high frequency of CNAs and low TBM.

Consistently, low USP7 expression is associated with a better response to anti-PD-1 therapy. Overall, we propose a novel DUB-based classification system for MSS CRC and demonstrate that targeting USP7 may overcome immunotherapy resistance by converting immunologically "cold" tumors into "hot" ones.

The current therapeutic protocols outlined in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines 4.2025 edition propose that for second-line or subsequent therapies of cervical carcinoma, prioritized protocols incorporate pembrolizumab administration specifically for patients demonstrating high tumor mutational burden characteristics, positive for programmed cell death ligand 1 expression, or exhibiting microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair deficiency molecular profiles. Other proposed therapeutic approaches include bevacizumab, paclitaxel, and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel)...The patient continues to undergo active clinical surveillance. Our case report illustrates that second-line immunochemotherapy utilizing camrelizumab in combination with nab-paclitaxel exhibits notable efficacy and manageable safety profile.

P2, N=340, Active, not recruiting, Replimune Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

EBV-GC is characterized by distinct clinicopathological and molecular features. Pathological examination, immunophenotyping, and NGS provide significant value for diagnosis and therapeutic direction.

After adjustment for clinical covariates, US and Japanese gastric cancers exhibit comparable genomic landscapes and survival, supporting the relevance of clinical trial data across geographic settings.

PPC produced definitive results for 86.55% of slides, achieving an overall agreement of 93.83%, positive agreement of 92.54%, and negative agreement of 94.02%. PPC accurately determined MSI/MMR status from routine H&E slides, offering a rapid, scalable alternative to conventional diagnostic methods.

We concluded that SVM had the potential to be the best model for predicting MSI status from DNA methylation data. In addition, an easy handling software is now freely available at https://github.com/Huanglab-ai/MethylMSI.

Right-sided colon cancers with MSI-H status were associated with larger tumor size, mucinous histology, and poor differentiation but did not significantly affect survival outcomes. Postoperative CEA monitoring provides critical prognostic information. Further large-scale studies are required to confirm these findings and refine therapeutic approaches.

CRC genetic mutational statuses as well as contributing environmental stress factors such as gut microbiota dysbiosis are prognostically crucial, associated with high risk potential of gene-environment interactions based on machine learning.

By 2025, immunotherapy has become the therapeutic basis for UC and RCC, both in metastatic and curative treatments. In PCa and TGCT, immunotherapy options remain in the experimental phase, but research is ongoing with new combinations and biomarker-driven strategies.

In esophageal tumors, adjuvant nivolumab is used. Among HER2-positive patients, adding pembrolizumab to trastuzumab and chemotherapy - in PDL1 CPS ≥1 cases - has become a new standard. A special mention must be made of MSI-H tumors, in which immunotherapy is highly effective, and adjuvant chemotherapy is not recommended according to current guidelines.