Our preclinical studies demonstrate that the ability of oral MRx0518 to reduce tumor growth in the EMT-6 syngeneic model of breast cancer is mainly related to changes in innate (increase in NK cells, upregulation of tumour TLR5 expression) and adaptive (increase of ratio CD8+ T cells/FoxP3+ regulatory T cells) immune responses locally in the gut but also in the distal tumour microenvironment. In this context, MRx0518 monotherapy and combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors is a promising therapeutic approach for enhancing antitumor immune responses.