MIR24-2 (MicroRNA 24-2)

In conclusion, the ASCL1/ZNF582 methylation assay accurately detects high-grade VIN and vulvar cancer, while minimizing the detection of benign and low-grade lesions, indicating its clinical value.

Our findings indicate that FAM19A4/miR124-2 hypermethylation occurs exclusively in tumor samples and that methylation levels are significantly higher in HPV-driven OPCs than in HPV-negative OPCs.

Our results indicate that active CIN2 surveillance could be implemented for women up to 45 years, after selection according to anatomo-clinical criteria and biomarker status. To improve feasibility, the biomarkers can be used sequentially, taking advantage of the HPV genotyping available in primary screening tests, and eventually refining the selection by using the other biomarkers in selected subgroups.

Despite wide confidence intervals, the three-gene methylation test serves as a promising prognostic tool for cancer risk stratification in patients with vulvar HSIL. Patients with methylation-negative HSIL carry a low cancer risk, allowing for more conservative management strategies. This approach may help avoid overtreatment, reducing morbidity and improve quality of life.

Methylation markers, particularly METloc001/METloc002, may be useful for risk-based management of women with a TZ3 at colposcopy.

Furthermore, HPV16's association with hypermethylation suggests its involvement in oral carcinogenesis. To confirm these results and gain further insight into HPV's role in methylation impairment, the sample size will be increased.

Overall, this study finds that miR-24-2 directly targets Akt and plays a significant role in TNBC as a key mechanism for its growth, survival, and progression.

FAM19A4 achieved the best performance for the prediction of CIN2+ (ROC: 0.64) and CIN3+ lesions (ROC: 0.73). We hypothesize that while not suitable as stand-alone diagnostic tools, such biomarkers may aid in stratifying patients and optimizing referral decisions, pending further validation in larger, population-based cohorts.

Aneuploidy scores were significantly higher in methylation-positive samples (p < .001). In conclusion, we showed that DNA methylation and CNAs both rise with increasing severity of disease, indicating their prognostic value for cancer risk stratification of HSIL, while no relation to HPV16 (sub)lineages was found.

MiR-24-2-5p exerts multiple protective roles in the early steps of BC bone metastasis by reducing malignant BC cell traits and tumour cell dissemination in bone, as well as by reducing the differentiation of precursors into mature osteoclasts.

The NPVs after 1-year cytology varied between 98.1% and 99.4%, warranting a return to routine screening. Altogether, DNA methylation-based triage strategies are recommended as they are discriminative for CIN3 and control the number of immediate colposcopy referrals.

The data from the present study support an inhibitory effect of miR-24s on XIAP expression. However, this inhibitory potency depends on the rs28382740 SNP genotype and may alleviate CRC progression by regulating the expression of XIAP.