MIR193A (MicroRNA 193a)

Functional annotation further implicated these miRNAs in carcinogenic pathways and chemoresistance. Overall, this study highlights novel biomarkers with diagnostic utility and provides mechanistic insights into PDAC progression within the Indian population.

We generated high-resolution copy number change profiles for bone metastasis samples. This led to the identification of a common, small genomic loss and downregulation of miR-193a-3p, which suppresses PCa bone metastasis through inhibition of its target proteins, providing new insight into bone metastasis development.

Furthermore, the axis modulated key immune-related factors by reducing the secretion of TNF-α and IFN-γ and upregulating PD-L1. The hsa_circ_0002103/miR-193a-3p/CCND1 axis promotes CRC cell progression and modulates key mediators of immune evasion, representing a potential therapeutic target.

Our study demonstrates that PLOD1, PLOD2, and PLOD3 are significantly upregulated in LIHC and correlate with poor prognosis. The PLOD genes may serve as valuable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in LIHC. Moreover, targeting PLOD genes could provide new therapeutic strategies to hinder tumor progression and metastasis in liver cancer.

Clinically, plasma ZFAS1 demonstrates enhanced diagnostic utility when combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AUC = 0.891), while therapeutic targeting of ZFAS1-mediated PI3K-AKT and PERK/ATF4 pathways shows promise in overcoming sorafenib/donafenib resistance. Current translational challenges include ZFAS1 isoform heterogeneity, suboptimal liquid biopsy sensitivity, and dynamic TME interactions. Future directions should employ multi-omics integration (spatial transcriptomics/single-cell sequencing) coupled with AI-driven network modeling to systematically decode ZFAS1's regulatory architecture, ultimately enabling precision theranostic strategies for HCC management.

Indeed, for the pairs miR-127-5p/miR-125b-5p, miR-148a-3p/miR-125b-5p, miR-148a-3p/miR-132-3p, and miR-34b-3p/miR-193a-5p, common mRNA targets and involvement in biological processes, including pathways associated with epigenetic regulation, proliferation, and metastasis, were revealed. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory network constructed involving DNMTs and EZH2 highlights their potential role in breast cancer progression and demonstrates diagnostic and prognostic significance.

Mechanistically, Astragalin upregulated miR-193a-5p, and its mimic suppressed METTL1 and COX-2 expression in SiHa cells, whereas its inhibitor restored. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Astragalin induces apoptosis through miR-193a-5p-mediated inhibition of the METTL1/COX-2 signaling axis, highlighting its potential as a promising antitumor candidate for cervical cancer.

The REEP2-driven secretion promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, and the infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the TME. These findings identify REEP2 as a critical mediator of the EMT-driven pro-metastatic membrane trafficking program, revealing a specific vulnerability in mesenchymal LUAD.

Our findings highlight a distinct circulating miRNA signature associated with advanced pancreatic cancer, supporting the potential role of hsa-miR-100-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-885-5p, hsa-miR-34a-5p, and hsa-miR-193a-5p as minimally invasive biomarkers for disease detection and staging. Larger, multicenter studies including early-stage patients and disease control groups will be required to validate these biomarkers and determine their clinical utility.

The poor prognosis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is largely driven by recurrence and metastasis following radiation therapy. Irradiated cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) drive ESCC recurrence and metastasis through extracellular vesicles (EVs), highlighting their critical role in the post-radiation tumor microenvironment. CAF-derived EVs deliver miR-193a-3p to ESCC cells, suppressing PTEN and activating Akt signaling, thereby enhancing invasion, migration, epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastatic potential. High plasma exosomal miR-193a-3p levels predict poor prognosis in ESCC patients and may guide therapeutic strategies after radiotherapy.

Our circulating miRNA-based signature represents a non-invasive and robust diagnostic tool for patients with CIP and could accurately predict their prognosis. This signature may facilitate early detection and personalized management of these patients.

Interestingly, the PDGF-BB-induced miR-193a formation in SMCs was also abrogated by 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME), an endogenous E2 metabolite that inhibits SMC growth via an ER-independent mechanism...Importantly, E2 prevents PDGF-BB-induced SMC growth by downregulating miR-193a formation in SMCs. Since, miR-193a antimir prevents SMC growth as well as cuff-induced vascular remodeling, it may represent a promising therapeutic molecule against cardiovascular disease.