MIR125A (MicroRNA 125a)

This DANCR-mediated regulation promotes the interaction between ABL2 and the cytoskeletal regulator cortactin, which leads to activation of the SSH1-cofilin pathway and then facilitates the formation of lamellipodia, cytoskeletal reorganization and the metastatic ability of tumors. In summary, our findings delineate the DANCR/miR-125a-5p/ABL2/cofilin axis as a critical regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics in neuroblastoma metastasis, offering novel insights for the diagnosis and therapeutic targeting of high-risk neuroblastoma.

Together, these findings identify the SPACA6-hosted miR-99b~125a~let-7e cluster as a regulator of BRAF/MEK inhibitor resistance through promotion of tumor survival and of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Targeting this miRNA cluster may provide novel therapeutic opportunities to overcome drug resistance in metastatic melanoma.

Clinically, circulating miRNA panels (e.g., miR-4257, miR-6785-5p, and miR-187-5p) enhance early detection, while miR-125a-5p boosts the trastuzumab response via ERBB2 targeting...This review highlights miRNAs as pivotal regulators in gastric carcinogenesis and promising precision medicine tools. The study findings will promote the standardization of profiling methods and accelerate translational research, both of which are essential to the advancement of GC diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

We unraveled a novel miR-125b-5p-THEMIS2-VEGFR2 signaling axis as a key modulator of breast cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. These findings provide mechanistic insight and suggest that miR-125b-5p or THEMIS2 may serve as therapeutic targets or prognostic biomarkers in aggressive breast cancers.

We identify miR-224-5p as a fibroinflammatory activity indicator for early cirrhosis detection and miR-200a-3p as a synergistic enhancer of AFP for non-invasive HCC diagnosis, establishing a dual miRNA signature that spans the HBV disease continuum and addresses critical gaps in current risk stratification. These findings highlight the potential of specific serum miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and improving the differential diagnosis during the process of HBV-related liver diseases.

Given the small sample size (n = 10), these findings should be interpreted as preliminary and hypothesis-generating, warranting validation in larger cohorts. Nevertheless, findings support household testing, remediation at ≥100 Bq/m3, and integrated exposure studies considering PM2.5 co-exposures.

Furthermore, a potential MIR4435-2HG/hsa-miR-125a-5p/NPM1 ceRNA axis was identified. Collectively, these findings indicate that NPM1 contributes to ESCA progression via metabolic modulation and ceRNA regulation, supporting its utility as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

These findings reveal that NaAsO2 promotes M2 macrophage polarization through the miR-125a-5p/IRF4 axis, highlighting a novel epigenetic mechanism in arsenic-associated tumor microenvironments and immune dysfunction. This study provides critical insights into targeting miR-125a-5p as a therapeutic strategy.

Findings from GC cells, organoids and PDX models demonstrated that overexpression of the miR-99b cluster sensitized GC to cisplatin, likely through its inhibitory effects on mitochondrial respiratory function, particularly OXPHOS...Moreover, elevated KMT5A expression and decreased miR-125a-5p expression indicated both poorer prognosis and chemo-resistance in patients with GC. This study highlights the multifaceted roles of the miR-99b cluster in GC and offers novel perspectives for the development of innovative therapeutics aimed at overcoming chemoresistance and enhancing treatment efficacy for GC patients.

This study suggests that specific miRNAs correlate with metals in PDAC, such as miR-361-3p with Cu and miR-216a-5p with Mn, hinting at a potential role of metal homeostasis in tumour-related pathways. However, these findings warrant further validation and functional studies, and may provide novel insights for biomarker development and therapeutic strategies in PDAC.

Multivariable Cox regression analyses, adjusting for potential prognostic factors such as sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and tumor size and stage, revealed that CARS1-AS1 (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.73; P =0.0061) and miR-142-5p (adjusted HR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.01; P = 0.0581) were associated with improved overall survival. We identified potential Ex-smRNA biomarkers involved in PDAC progression and prognosis that reflect key molecular alterations in PDAC and may serve as clinically relevant biomarkers for disease monitoring.

Combination approaches, such as pairing miR-122 mimics with miR-221 inhibitors or delivering miR-326 via nanoparticles, further enhance efficacy by simultaneously targeting multiple oncogenic pathways. This review summarizes recent advances in miRNA-mediated regulation of HCC signaling and highlights their clinical potential, including ongoing trials of miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics for early detection, prognostication, and personalized treatment.