MIR122 (MicroRNA 122)

This is the first integrated review linking exosomal miRNAs with proteomic and metabolomic signatures of cancer cachexia, offering a multiomics framework for biomarker discovery and therapeutic targeting. We highlight their potential as early biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and modulators of rehabilitation response, while outlining research gaps including limited clinical validation, intertumor heterogeneity, and the need for multiomics integration to advance translation into patient care.

bayesReact enables large-scale hypothesis-generating screens for novel regulatory factors and the discovery of condition-specific activities. It is implemented as a user-friendly R package (https://github.com/JakobSkouPedersenLab/bayesReact).

Liver organoids represent a transformative tool in hepatology, offering a physiologically relevant platform for disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative applications. While promising, liver organoids remain limited in replicating native liver complexity. Future efforts should enhance structural maturity, multicellular interactions, and microenvironment integration.

These data indicate that PD-H or microRNA-regulated PD derivatives exhibit only limited therapeutic efficacy following i.v. injection in colorectal tumor-bearing mice. However, the newly engineered microRNA-regulated PD-H variants demonstrate improved safety profiles.

DCA indicated that the model had clinical application value. The Nomogram model for recurrence after laparoscopic radical cystectomy procedure for BC has good prediction ability.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is a widely employed chemotherapeutic agent, but its use is clinically limited by dose-accumulative cardiotoxicity...Notably, this cardioprotection is achieved without either compromising Dox's anti-tumor efficacy or producing overall toxicity. These findings establish cmSMRTs 143-122 as a minimally invasive, cardiac-selective mRNA therapy platform with strong potential to prevent chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.

The PNPLA3 p.I148M genotype was not associated with altered levels of microRNAs. Serum microRNAs, in particular miR-4651, may serve as additional biomarkers in patients with steatotic liver disease.

Specifically, compared with the control, there is significant pulmonary structural damage in model rats exposed to PM2.5, including enlarged alveolar intervals, increased alveolar cavity size, pulmonary fibrosis, and evidence of alveolar destruction with concomitant parabronchial inflammation. Our research reveals novel insights of PM2.5-induced COPD and proposes the miR-122/PTEN pathway as a potential therapeutic target.

miRNAs show potential as non-invasive markers for early detection and prognosis of HCC. This review emphasises the potential of miRNAs as non-invasive indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. Nonetheless, the variability across studies and the absence of methodological consistency restrict their prompt application in clinical settings. It is crucial to validate findings through extensive, multicentre studies and to integrate them with traditional diagnostic methods to guarantee their relevance in clinical practice. Future research should focus on confirming miRNA panels and integrating them into current diagnostic methods.

Our data indicate that p62 is a quality control factor that modulates the miRNA composition of exosomes. Cancer cells may exploit p62-dependent exosome cargo sorting to eliminate tumor suppressor miRNAs and thus to promote cell proliferation.

Bilberry pomace shows multitarget anticancer activity across BC models; translational studies should confirm mechanisms, refine dosing, and explore biomarker-guided use.

Additionally, we explore the potential of targeting these molecules to enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy and improve patient outcomes. Our study contributes to the comprehension of the molecular processes underlying oral cancer and provides insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies based on personalized medicine.