MAOA (Monoamine Oxidase A)

In males, genetic variation in the MAOA gene was significantly associated with tissue serotonin levels, although this association was not mediated by methylation. Our result supports the notion that the MAOA and 5HTT genes are related to serotonin metabolism and that such metabolism is related to antidepressant use.

This research provides an effective model for the prognostic assessment and early diagnosis of breast cancer, opening new avenues for research into the precision treatment of breast cancer and the management of chemotherapy side effects.

Further, high MAOB expression (HR=1.680; 95% CI: 1.014-2.784; P=0.044) was an independent poor prognostic factor in patients with CRC. In conclusion, high MAOB expression is correlated with aggressive clinicopathologic behavior and may be a poor prognostic marker in patients with CRC.

High-risk patients showed poorer overall survival (OS), distinct immune cell infiltration, elevated expression of KIR2DL1, LGALS9, TNFRSF18, and TNFRSF4, increased sensitivity to imatinib and axitinib, resistance to multiple chemotherapeutics, and reduced Fusobacteria and Tenericutes abundance. HAAO, ALDH2, and lymph node stage were identified as independent prognostic factors and were used to develop a predictive nomogram. We identified a Trp metabolism-associated fibroblast population in the ESCC tumor microenvironment (TME) and developed a five-gene TrpG signature for prognostic prediction in ESCC patients.

Furthermore, the RNA binding protein serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 specifically interacts with AluSx and AluJb, inhibiting circRHOBTB3 circularization. In conclusion, this study identifies circRHOBTB3 as a tumor suppressor with potential as a promising clinical biomarker and therapeutic target for metastatic PCa.

In summary, different in vitro models using inflammatory, oxidative stress, and high insulin conditions under hypoxic conditions can capture various aspects of in vivo adipose tissue insulin resistance (IR). Among these models, acute TNFα treatment may offer the most robust approach for inducing IR in 3T3-L1 cells.

Background: Although trastuzumab and tyrosine inhibitors combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy could significantly improve patients' pathological complete response (pCR) rate, nearly half of the patients could not achieve complete remission...In vitro experiments showed that dopamine and the knockdown of MAOA decreased cell sensitivity to pyrotinib... Phenylalanine-tyrosine metabolism was significantly enriched in HER2-positive breast cancer patients. The phenylalanine-tyrosine signaling pathway may be dysregulated in HER2-positive breast cancer and patients with low phenylalanine-tyrosine catabolism have a worse prognosis. Low expression of MAOA promotes tumor resistance to HER2-targeted drugs and could serve as a therapeutic biomarker in breast cancer.

Overall, our results indicated that mairin and senkyunone were the key ingredients present in SWT, and ITGB3 as well as RORB proteins were the major targets affected by SWT. The prognostic model can be used to predict the outcome of BRCA patients.

A Phase II Clinical Trial has demonstrated the therapeutic effects of the irreversible nonselective MAOi phenelzine for prostate cancer...However, introduction of a polar 2-hydroxy in the propyl chain retained the highly selective MAOA inhibition and cancer cell cytotoxicity of clorgyline while reducing its CNS score from 2 to 0. We believe that these results identify a new class of peripherally directed MAOIs that may allow safer therapeutic targeting of MAOA for a variety of anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory indications.

In the univariate analysis, low MAOA expression in stromal cells of ACN was associated with shorter overall survival (p = 0.008). In conclusion, monoamine oxidase proteins revealed differences in expression between ACN and PCC and also between benign and malignant cells.

MAOA expression correlates with the malignant progression of PC. High MAOA expression may be a poor prognostic marker for patients with PC after RP-PLND. More careful follow up or potential of adjuvant hormonal therapy may be addressed for patients with high MAOA expression.

We discussed potential mechanisms of LNG resistance including dedifferentiation and immunostimulation. The next step for this research is to validate these findings further in both translational and clinical settings.