Male Breast Cancer

Management strategies for male breast cancer generally parallel female protocols, despite unique biological features. By integrating considerations of benign and malignant conditions, this review underscores the importance of tailored evaluation, risk assessment, and individualized care for males, while identifying knowledge gaps to inform future research and improve outcomes in this under-recognized population.

Oncotype diagnosis (DX) testing indicated a low chemotherapy benefit, leading to adjuvant therapy with tamoxifen...The prompt detection of the suspicious mass, culminating in effective early-stage treatment, proved crucial to this patient's favorable prognosis, in contrast to the common trend of delayed diagnoses and their less promising outcomes. Accordingly, strengthening public awareness and professional training is essential to optimize management and improve outcomes in men with breast cancer.

Median overall survival (OS) 131 months (1-, 2-, 5-, 10-year OS: 95%, 93%, 73%, 53%). This long-term cohort highlights the predominance of hormone-receptor positivity, the infrequency of germline mutations, and moderate survival rates, informing patient management and guiding future studies.

It accurately separated patients with good, intermediate, and poor performance at high statistical significance. Development of a MBC-specific prediction tool remains desirable.

This case suggests that CDK4/6 inhibitor-based endocrine therapy can induce meaningful disease reversal even in visceral crisis and may be a feasible option for selected HR+/HER2- MBC patients after chemotherapy failure. Our case suggests that CDK4/6 inhibitor-based endocrine therapy may offer clinical benefit even in the setting of visceral crisis after chemotherapy failure, indicating that treatment sequencing in such scenarios may merit further consideration.

Treatment principles for MBC mirror those of female breast cancer and include mastectomy, endocrine therapy (tamoxifen), radiotherapy, and systemic therapy as indicated...This case highlights the rarity of EPC with a mixed invasive component in men and underscores the importance of comprehensive morphologic and immunophenotypic evaluation. Increased reporting of such cases will improve understanding and management of male breast malignancies.

We concluded that MBC and FBC exhibit both genomic similarities and distinctions in our study. In the context of precision medicine, this study may provide new ideas and a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of MBC.

Pathologists and clinicians should be aware that although pilomatricoma is a common skin adnexal tumour in the head and neck region, it can rarely present as a breast lump. Recognising this uncommon presentation is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate management.

A lifetime Markov model was developed from a US payer perspective to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of inavolisib plus palbociclib and fulvestrant versus placebo plus palbociclib and fulvestrant in men with PIK3CA-mutated advanced breast cancer. Inavolisib-based therapy is not cost-effective for treating PIK3CA-mutated advanced male breast cancer at its current price. Significant price reductions or adjustments to value assessment frameworks are required to ensure equitable access for this underserved population.

This case highlights the potential efficacy and tolerability of T-DXd in men and challenges the systematic exclusion of male patients from clinical trials involving HER2-low mBC. We advocate routine HER2-low testing and gender-inclusive trial design.

Clinicians should maintain heightened awareness of this potential complication in patients receiving taxane-based chemotherapy who develop significant diarrhea. Prompt recognition and immediate drug discontinuation are essential for favorable outcomes and symptom resolution.

These findings support broader access to genetic testing as part of personalized breast cancer risk assessment. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02620852.