LCN2 (Lipocalin-2)

This first direct comparison confirms rutin's superior efficacy over GA in mitigating CCl₄-induced nephrotoxicity via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. The integrated in silico and in vivo approach validates their mechanisms, highlighting rutin's prophylactic potential.

Anti-LCN2 antibodies promote robust anti-tumour T cell responses in mouse models of aggressive solid tumours. Our study shows that the ATF4-LCN2 axis has a cell-extrinsic role in suppressing anti-cancer immunity, and could pave the way for an immunotherapy approach that targets LCN2.

The source of IL-1β was not senescent fibroblasts, but M1 macrophages that accumulate with inflammaging. Collectively, these results suggest that aging up-regulates LCN2 expression in oral-related epithelial cells mainly via IL-1β secreted from M1 macrophages, rather than through the induction of their senescence.

FKBPL-based peptide mimetic, AD-01 (1 nM), in high-glucose conditions, upregulated endothelial vcam1 and glut1 mRNA expression, independent of miR-302b-5p. FKBPL plays an important role in glucose metabolism, endothelial function, angiogenesis, cardiac inflammation and function, and could be explored as a therapeutic target of cardiovascular disease both in nondiabetes and diabetes settings using precision medicine approach.

Male sex was associated with a higher risk of kidney failure and mortality, despite adjustment for demographic, clinical, and treatment factors. Males had higher levels of inflammatory and extracellular matrix deposition biomarkers. In contrast, females showed higher levels of matrix turnover and degradation markers. After adjustment for these biomarker differences, the elevated risk associated with male sex was eliminated, suggesting a biological basis for the observed sex difference in outcomes.

Piribedil effectively protects against CP-induced nephrotoxicity by modulating AMPK/SIRT1 and related oxidative and inflammatory pathways, supporting its potential use in drug-induced kidney injury.

Girls and adolescent females with rUTI exhibit a distinct urinary immune profile characterized by dysregulated antimicrobial peptides and elevated proinflammatory cytokines. A predictive model integrating these biomarkers with clinical features accurately classified rUTI status, supporting their potential utility as diagnostic tools for pediatric UTI.

Among the evaluated biomarkers, KIM-1 demonstrated the strongest potential as an early biochemical indicator of renal allograft dysfunction. Its rapid post-transplant elevation underscores its sensitivity to early tubular injury. Further prospective validation in larger, multicenter cohorts is warranted.

The results showed that silencing LCN2 induced ferroptosis in lung cancer cells, resulting in increased sensitivity to anti‑PD‑1 therapy, suppressed tumor growth and reduced invasiveness. These findings highlight the critical role of the CAF‑LCN2 axis in mediating resistance to anti‑PD‑1 immunotherapy and suggest that targeting this pathway may represent a promising strategy to enhance treatment efficacy in lung cancer.

Naringenin-functionalized polyester nanoparticles loaded with urolithin A (P2Ns-NAR-UA) doubles the efficacy of polyester nanoparticles loaded with urolithin A, achieving comparable results at half the dose. The formulation enhances cell health, reduces inflammation, and restores kidney function, making it a promising adjuvant to cisplatin therapy by improving outcomes while minimizing toxicity.

In conclusion, our study is the first to demonstrate that despite the significant differences in the amount of smoke inhaled, both Occ-HS or Reg-HS inhalation deteriorate kidney function and induce oxidative damage, inflammatory response, DNA injury, and mitochondrial impairment with modulation of the MAPK signaling. These findings highlight the importance of further research into the public health risks associated with occasional hookah smoking.

Our computation analysis showed that ETZ strongly bind with key regulatory genes thereby altering their expressions. These findings suggest that ETZ is a potent reno-toxic agent at low, moderate, and high dose administration.