LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3)

SP-2-067 is a novel, selective AKA degrader that modulates IC expression by upregulating PD-L1 and downregulating LAG3, indicating its potential for immunomodulation through AUNIP- and NINEIN-mediated mechanisms. Additionally, AKA, AUNIP, and NINEIN are linked to a distinct immune cell profile, presenting an opportunity to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment and support combinatorial strategies with IC inhibitors in prostate cancer.

The findings suggest that phytochemicals can modulate multiple checkpoints with a favorable safety profile. Future research must focus on rigorous clinical trials to establish standardized dosing and validate safety margins for translating these agents into effective personalized melanoma immunotherapies.

Early-phase trials combining these approaches in MSS CRC show encouraging activity, while neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy in MSI-H disease redefines treatment paradigms, with some patients achieving complete responses without surgery. This review synthesizes the current evidence and emerging innovations in CRC immunotherapy and proposes a structured translational framework to extend immunotherapy benefits beyond the MSI-H subset.

Our study provides no evidence that sICs can predict LNM in PeCa, although four inhibitory sICs were significantly elevated in PeCa patients compared to cancer-free controls, suggesting systemic immunosuppression associated with tumor presence, consistent with findings in other malignancies. Studies with larger cohorts are warranted to clarify the prognostic significance of sICs in PeCa.

Based on the study findings, an increase antigen-specific immune response by vaccinating the patient with a tumor-associated peptide in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody would be advantageous in HNSCC. Efforts into finding and developing new combination therapies should be further advanced.

Although ex vivo expanded TILs are predominantly terminally differentiated, exhausted and transcriptionally highly distinct from the initial TILs, there is also a large progenitor exhausted CD8 T cell (Tpex) population and DN numbers increase. Future work to amplify subpopulations of TILs with memory cell phenotypes, such as the DN cells, will likely further improve this therapy.

We confirmed that LAG-3 is highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and is closely correlated with clinical stage, differentiation grade, lymph node metastasis, and lymphovascular space invasion. LAG-3 may inhibit the function of CD8+ T cells in the cervical cancer TME, thereby promoting the progression of cervical cancer.

More innovative strategies include the use of ICIs in the context of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. This review synthesizes current evidence for the use of ICI in different haematological malignancies, and highlights future directions toward biomarker-driven, rationally designed therapeutic combinations.

Moreover, ICI enhanced muscle repair and reduced fibrosis in ECM-treated wounds. Collectively, these findings show Treg/T H 2 plasticity in wound healing and introduce a novel ICI application to enhance immune-mediated regeneration.

P2, N=27, Completed, Jose Lutzky, MD | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Co-expression of FGFR4 and HER2 is associated with a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment in HR+ breast cancer, suggesting immunotherapy potential. Further studies should explore therapeutic strategies to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment.

It reviewed adverse events from novel immunotherapies alone or combined with PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 inhibitors, targeted agents, or chemotherapy. These findings have important clinical implications.