KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)

P2, N=40, Recruiting, Mayo Clinic | Trial completion date: May 2027 --> Jul 2029 | Trial primary completion date: May 2026 --> Jul 2029

P1, N=171, Recruiting, Boehringer Ingelheim | N=94 --> 171 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2028 --> Feb 2029

Our findings highlight the functional heterogeneity of myCAFs and identify TAGLN-expressing myCAFs as critical mediators of tumour progression, providing evidence that targeting stromal TAGLN may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for PDAC.

MEK inhibitors, especially trametinib and avutometinib in combination with defactinib, have recently demonstrated improved outcomes in recurrent disease, while new combination strategies are under active evaluation to overcome resistance mechanisms. Immunotherapy remains of limited efficacy, though biomarker-driven combinations are explored. Ongoing biomarker-guided trials are expected to refine treatment paradigms.

Impaired ER-phagy triggers protein aggregation, inflammation, and acinar-to-ductal metaplasia, promoting tumorigenesis. These findings highlight selective autophagy's role in cancer, with possible therapeutic implications.

P1, N=30, Recruiting, Henan Cancer Hospital | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

These findings highlight the need to molecularly characterize these lesions as there is no specific histologic finding to identify cases that harbour different pathogenic alterations in specific genes.

After adjustment for clinical covariates, US and Japanese gastric cancers exhibit comparable genomic landscapes and survival, supporting the relevance of clinical trial data across geographic settings.

Any potential difference in observed expression values across the paired samples could be related to the different cell type proportions across the samples. The sample size was small, and each study used different sequencing technologies, so any interpretation should be confirmed with additional studies.

According to the 2023 updated International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging guidelines for endometrial cancer, all the three cases were in advanced stage. It is suggested that pathologists should make accurate diagnosis based on morphological manifestations, using a set of matched immunohistochemical markers and necessary molecular tests to avoid misdiagnosis and better guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Gastric tumors can bypass niche dependence by acquiring KRAS-MAPK-SMAD2/3-driven epithelial WNT secretion. Targeting this axis-through MAPK inhibition, SMAD2/3 blockade, or suppression of WNT secretion-may represent a therapeutic vulnerability in gastric cancer and other KRAS-high malignancies.

P1/2, N=440, Recruiting, Tyligand Pharmaceuticals (Suzhou) Limited | N=150 --> 440