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    BIOMARKER:

    KRAS exon 2 wild-type

    i
    Other names: KRAS, KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase, KRAS1, KRAS2, NS, NS3, OES, CFC2, RALD, K-Ras, RASK2, KI-RAS, C-K-RAS, K-RAS2A, K-RAS2B, K-RAS4A, K-RAS4B, K-Ras 2, C-K-RAS, c-Ki-ras, c-Ki-ras2, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
    Entrez ID:
    3845
    Related biomarkers:
    Expression
    Mutation
    CNA
    Others
    18d
    S095029 as Monotherapy and in Combination With Sym021 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies Followed by an Expansion Part With Triple Combinations in Patients With Metastatic Gastric or Colorectal Cancers (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=51, Active, not recruiting, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier | Trial completion date: Feb 2024 --> Jul 2024
    Trial completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    futuximab/modotuximab (S95026) • S95029 • Sym021
    21d
    Colorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation: a clinicopathological analysis of eight cases (PubMed, Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi)
    Accurate pathological diagnosis is prognostically valuable. The histological features of enteroblastic differentiation, elevated serum AFP levels, and the expression of oncofetal proteins play an important role in the tumor diagnosis.
    Journal
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein) • GPC3 (Glypican 3) • SALL4 (Spalt Like Transcription Factor 4)
    |
    KRAS mutation • KRAS wild-type • KRAS G13 • KRAS exon 2 mutation • NRAS G13 • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    2ms
    S095029 as Monotherapy and in Combination With Sym021 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies Followed by an Expansion Part With Triple Combinations in Patients With Metastatic Gastric or Colorectal Cancers (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=51, Active, not recruiting, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Enrollment closed
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    futuximab/modotuximab (S95026) • S95029 • Sym021
    4ms
    FIRE-4: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (RAS-wildtype) After Response to First-line Treatment With FOLFIR Plus Cetuximab (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=673, Active, not recruiting, Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich
    Trial completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • capecitabine • Stivarga (regorafenib) • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    4ms
    CR-SEQUENCE: Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of FOLFOX + Panitumumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Bevacizumab (Sequence 1) Versus FOLFOX + Bevacizumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Panitumumab (Sequence 2) in Untreated Patients With Wild-type RAS Metastatic, Primary Left-sided, Unresectable Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=419, Active, not recruiting, Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumours (TTD) | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2025
    Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    4ms
    Panitumumab With or Without Trametinib in Treating Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=59, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1)
    |
    KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • EGFR S492R • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Mekinist (trametinib) • Vectibix (panitumumab)
    5ms
    S095029 as Monotherapy and in Combination With Sym021 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies Followed by an Expansion Part With Triple Combinations in Patients With Metastatic Gastric or Colorectal Cancers (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=41, Recruiting, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier | Phase classification: P1a/1b --> P1
    Phase classification • Combination therapy • Metastases
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    futuximab/modotuximab (S95026) • S95029 • Sym021
    5ms
    FIRE-4: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (RAS-wildtype) After Response to First-line Treatment With FOLFIR Plus Cetuximab (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=673, Active, not recruiting, Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2022 --> Nov 2023
    Enrollment closed • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • capecitabine • Stivarga (regorafenib) • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    5ms
    AIO-KRK-0116: FOLFOXIRI Plus Cetuximab vs. FOLFOXIRI Plus Bevacizumab 1st-line in BRAF-mutated mCRC (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=109, Active, not recruiting, Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2022 --> Nov 2023
    Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF V600E • BRAF V600 • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    5ms
    FIRE-6: FOLFIRI + Cetuximab + Avelumab RAS Wild-type CRC (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=57, Active, not recruiting, Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2022 --> Nov 2023
    Trial primary completion date
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • Bavencio (avelumab) • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    9ms
    CR-SEQUENCE: Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of FOLFOX + Panitumumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Bevacizumab (Sequence 1) Versus FOLFOX + Bevacizumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Panitumumab (Sequence 2) in Untreated Patients With Wild-type RAS Metastatic, Primary Left-sided, Unresectable Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=419, Active, not recruiting, Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumours (TTD) | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2023 --> Jun 2024
    Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    9ms
    S095029 as Monotherapy and in Combination With Sym021 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies Followed by an Expansion Part With Triple Combinations in Patients With Metastatic Gastric or Colorectal Cancers (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1a/1b, N=39, Recruiting, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier | N=129 --> 39 | Trial completion date: Jul 2025 --> Jan 2024 | Trial primary completion date: May 2023 --> Jan 2024
    Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    futuximab/modotuximab (S95026) • S95029 • Sym021
    9ms
    FOLFOXIRI Plus Panitumumab in Metastatic RAS Wild-type, Left-sided Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=27, Active, not recruiting, Criterium, Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Mar 2023 --> Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type • KRAS exon 3 mutation • KRAS exon 4 mutation
    |
    5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    10ms
    Panitumumab With or Without Trametinib in Treating Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=59, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jan 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jan 2024
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1)
    |
    KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • EGFR S492R • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Mekinist (trametinib) • Vectibix (panitumumab)
    11ms
    FOLFOXIRI With or Without Panitumumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (VOLFI) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=93, Completed, AIO-Studien-gGmbH | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion • Metastases
    |
    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • ERCC1 (Excision repair cross-complementation group 1) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus) • MTHFR (Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase)
    |
    EGFR mutation • PIK3CA mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • EGFR exon 18 mutation • KRAS exon 2 mutation • EGFR mutation + PIK3CA mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type • KRAS exon 3 mutation • KRAS exon 4 mutation
    |
    5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    11ms
    Panitumumab With or Without Trametinib in Treating Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=59, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2023 --> Jul 2024
    Enrollment closed • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1)
    |
    KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • EGFR S492R • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Mekinist (trametinib) • Vectibix (panitumumab)
    1year
    Cetuximab Plus FOLFOXIRI vs Cetuximab Plus FOLFOX For CRCLM (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=176, Completed, Sun Yat-sen University | Recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type • KRAS exon 3 mutation • KRAS exon 4 mutation
    |
    Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    over1year
    Combining Sodium Valproate With Standard-of-care EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=90, Recruiting, Australasian Gastro-Intestinal Trials Group | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
    Enrollment open • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Erbitux (cetuximab) • Vectibix (panitumumab)
    over1year
    Combining Sodium Valproate With Standard-of-care EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=90, Not yet recruiting, Australasian Gastro-Intestinal Trials Group
    New P2 trial • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Erbitux (cetuximab) • Vectibix (panitumumab)
    over1year
    FOLFOXIRI Plus Panitumumab in Metastatic RAS Wild-type, Left-sided Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=35, Recruiting, Criterium, Inc. | Trial completion date: Dec 2022 --> Mar 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2022 --> Mar 2023
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type • KRAS exon 3 mutation • KRAS exon 4 mutation
    |
    5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    over1year
    CR-SEQUENCE: Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of FOLFOX + Panitumumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Bevacizumab (Sequence 1) Versus FOLFOX + Bevacizumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Panitumumab (Sequence 2) in Untreated Patients With Wild-type RAS Metastatic, Primary Left-sided, Unresectable Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=419, Active, not recruiting, Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumours (TTD) | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2022 --> Jun 2023
    Enrollment closed • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    over1year
    Understanding Prolonged Survival in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Using Genomics: A Case Series (ACG 2022)
    Patient was put on FOLFIRI/bevacizumab chemotherapy...He completed mFOLFOX6.PET scan was done and showed a right upper lobe mass consistent with metastatic cancer... Identification of genomic signature is key to understanding the molecular mechanism of CRC and the development of novel therapeutics. Figure: Figure 1 (left) shows CT Chest for Case 1 with multiple pulmonary nodules few with cavitation, largest 9mm Figure 2(right) shows Bone Scan for Case 3 in February 2021 with intense uptake in the right distal tibia
    Clinical
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • FLT3 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3) • SOX9 (SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9)
    |
    TP53 mutation • KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • KRAS G12D • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS G12 • TP53 R175H • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type • BRAF D594N • TP53 amplification
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    almost2years
    Panitumumab With or Without Trametinib in Treating Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=84, Recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Unknown status --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2021 --> Jul 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2021 --> Jul 2023
    Enrollment open • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1)
    |
    KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • EGFR S492R • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Mekinist (trametinib) • Vectibix (panitumumab)
    2years
    CR-SEQUENCE: Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of FOLFOX + Panitumumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Bevacizumab (Sequence 1) Versus FOLFOX + Bevacizumab Followed by FOLFIRI + Panitumumab (Sequence 2) in Untreated Patients With Wild-type RAS Metastatic, Primary Left-sided, Unresectable Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=370, Recruiting, Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumours (TTD) | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Jun 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2021 --> Jun 2022
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    over2years
    S095029 as Monotherapy and in Combination With Sym021 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies Followed by an Expansion Part With Triple Combinations in Patients With Metastatic Gastric or Colorectal Cancers (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1a/1b, N=119, Recruiting, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier
    Clinical • New P1 trial • Combination therapy
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    futuximab/modotuximab (S95026) • Sym021
    over2years
    FIRE-4: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (RAS-wildtype) After Response to First-line Treatment With FOLFIR Plus Cetuximab (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=550, Recruiting, Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich | Trial completion date: Mar 2022 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2020 --> Dec 2022
    Clinical • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
    |
    KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • capecitabine • Stivarga (regorafenib) • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    over2years
    AIO-KRK-0116: FOLFOXIRI Plus Cetuximab vs. FOLFOXIRI Plus Bevacizumab 1st-line in BRAF-mutated mCRC (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=109, Active, not recruiting, Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Clinical • Enrollment closed
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    BRAF V600E • BRAF V600 • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • KRAS exon 2 mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    over5years
    FOLFOXIRI With or Without Panitumumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (VOLFI) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=93, Active, not recruiting, AIO-Studien-gGmbH | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2017 --> Jan 2022
    Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Metastases
    |
    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • ERCC1 (Excision repair cross-complementation group 1) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus) • MTHFR (Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase)
    |
    EGFR mutation • PIK3CA mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • EGFR exon 18 mutation • KRAS exon 2 mutation • EGFR mutation + PIK3CA mutation • KRAS exon 2 wild-type • KRAS exon 3 mutation • KRAS exon 4 mutation
    |
    5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium