Kidney Cancer

P=N/A, N=589, Completed, Mayo Clinic | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jan 2027 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2027 --> Nov 2025

Overall, our findings show that casdatifan achieves meaningful, durable responses with manageable safety. These data establish a link between on-target HIF-2α pathway modulation, tumour biology and clinical efficacy.

Upregulated in ccRCC in a VHL-HIF2α-dependent manner, TRAIL is selectively essential in ccRCC cells, promoting cell proliferation by activating the p38 MAPK pathway and facilitating G1/S phase transition. Depletion of endogenous TRAIL or inhibition of HIF2α with belzutifan sensitizes ccRCC cell and tumor models to recombinant TRAIL, presenting a promising avenue for combination therapy in ccRCC.

P2, N=30, Active, not recruiting, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | N=45 --> 30

We identified FDA-approved compounds acting through these pathways, three of which, Ribociclib, Ponatinib, and Dasatinib, showed superior efficacy to current therapies across renal cancer cell lines in preclinical screens. By acting through mechanisms distinct from current therapies, they represent promising candidates for combination strategies aimed at overcoming resistance and improving clinical outcomes in ccRCC.

Managing ALK-RCC is challenging due to its rarity and limited treatment options. Targeted therapies directed at the ALK gene may have a role in patients with ALK-RCC.

GPNMB serves as an important auxiliary marker for diagnosis of FLCN-mutation-associated low-grade eosinophilic renal tumors. Clinical, molecular, and genetic testing should be integrated to assess potential association with BHD syndrome, for making a precise diagnosis.

Functional status and symptom control were maintained in most patients during treatment, based on routine clinical assessment. These findings suggest that cabozantinib may represent a clinically meaningful treatment option for selected patients with metastatic chRCC and support its further evaluation in this rare disease subtype.

These differences may reflect the limitations of body mass index as a biological indicator of obesity, together with variations in systemic inflammation, body composition, and treatment context. Here, we summarize current knowledge on obesity-driven immunometabolic rewiring in RCC and outline key priorities for the field, including obesity-relevant preclinical models, biomarkers of visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation, and clinical trials targeting immunometabolism.

The patient underwent radical nephrectomy followed by biomarker-guided FLOT (fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) chemotherapy combined with camrelizumab immunotherapy, achieving a progression-free survival of approximately 7 months, accompanied by a temporary decline in tumor markers. Therapeutically, while the identified biomarker provided a rationale for precision therapy, the resulting clinical benefit was limited and transient. This suggests that the aggressive biology and spatial heterogeneity typical of CUP can attenuate the long-term efficacy of biomarker-guided interventions.

Although 66.3% reported familiarity with the WHO classification, 33.6% cited barriers such as rapid updates, financial constraints, and workload.ConclusionsMarked global disparities persist in renal tumor diagnostics. While IHC is widely accessible, advanced molecular tools and novel biomarkers remain unevenly distributed, underscoring the need for targeted educational and resource-sharing strategies.

PRSS is a rare malignant tumor with a poor prognosis that presents significant diagnostic challenges. Our immunohistochemical panel (SS18-SSX, TLE1, INI1) enhances diagnostic accuracy and may assist in the triage of cases requiring molecular confirmation.