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DRUG CLASS:

IL-6 inhibitor

2d
Gossypol acetic acid regulates leukemia stem cells by degrading LRPPRC via inhibiting IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling or resulting mitochondrial dysfunction. (PubMed, World J Stem Cells)
Taken together, the results indicate that GAA might overcome the BMM protective effect and be considered as a novel and effective combination therapy for AML.
Journal • IO biomarker
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BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • IL6 (Interleukin 6) • CD38 (CD38 Molecule) • JAK1 (Janus Kinase 1) • CD34 (CD34 molecule) • FOXM1 (Forkhead Box M1) • LRPPRC (Leucine Rich Pentatricopeptide Repeat Containing)
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cytarabine • R-(-)-gossypol (AT 101)
3d
Decreased RNA-binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U improves multiple myeloma sensitivity to lenalidomide. (PubMed, Br J Haematol)
Immunomodulatory drugs, such as lenalidomide (LEN) and pomalidomide, are backbone agents in MM treatment, and LEN resistance is commonly seen in the MM clinic. hnRNPU function in vivo was confirmed in an immunocompetent MM mouse model constructed by the inoculation of Crbn-humanized murine 5TGM1 cells into CrbnI391V/+ mice. Overall, this study suggests a novel mechanism of LEN sensitivity in which hnRNPU represses CRBN and IKZF1 mRNA translation.
Journal
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IKZF1 (IKAROS Family Zinc Finger 1) • CRBN (Cereblon)
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lenalidomide • pomalidomide
7d
Hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with lenalidomide improves systemic antitumor activity in mouse solid tumor models. (PubMed, Theranostics)
We demonstrate that lena can augment the hRT-induced abscopal effect in mouse solid tumor models in a CD8 T cell- and IFN-I-dependent manner, correlating with enhanced anti-tumor CD8 T cell immunity, DC cross-presentation, and TA-HEC numbers. Our findings may be helpful for the planning of clinical trials in (oligo)metastatic patients.
Preclinical • Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • HAVCR2 (Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2) • CD70 (CD70 Molecule) • GZMB (Granzyme B) • CD86 (CD86 Molecule)
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lenalidomide
7d
Phase 2 Trial of HY209gel in Atopic Dermatitis Patients (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=210, Recruiting, Shaperon | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
Enrollment open
9d
Enrollment open
9d
12-C-0107: Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=55, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Jun 2025 --> Jun 2028
Trial completion date
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Chr t(4;14)
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lenalidomide • carfilzomib • dexamethasone • dexamethasone injection
9d
IMAGINE: Clazakizumab for the Treatment of Chronic Active Antibody Mediated Rejection in Kidney Transplant Recipients (clinicaltrials.gov)
P3, N=194, Terminated, CSL Behring | N=350 --> 194 | Trial completion date: Mar 2028 --> Apr 2024 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2028 --> Apr 2024; Early stop for lack of efficacy/futility (at Interim analysis)
Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial termination • Trial primary completion date
14d
Daratumumab for Patients With Light Chain Amyloidosis (clinicaltrials.gov)
P=N/A, N=100, Recruiting, Nanjing University School of Medicine
New trial
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pomalidomide • Darzalex Faspro (daratumumab/hyaluronidase)
15d
MCLENA-1: A Clinical Trial for the Assessment of Lenalidomide in Amnestic MCI Patients (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=30, Recruiting, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix | Trial completion date: Sep 2024 --> Sep 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2023 --> Sep 2024
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • IL10 (Interleukin 10) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta)
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lenalidomide
16d
Frontline Lenalidomide for AL Amyloidosis Involving Myocardium (clinicaltrials.gov)
P3, N=2, Completed, Seoul National University Hospital | Unknown status --> Completed | N=30 --> 2
Trial completion • Enrollment change
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NPPB (Natriuretic Peptide B)
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lenalidomide
17d
Trial primary completion date
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pomalidomide
17d
COMBAT-ALS: Evaluation of MN-166 (Ibudilast) for 12 Months Followed by an Open-label Extension for 6 Months in Patients With ALS (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2/3, N=230, Recruiting, MediciNova | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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Eyevinal (ibudilast)
18d
Improving Physical Function in Older Adults Using an Anti-inflammation Drug: The RIGHT Study (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=60, Recruiting, Anne B. Newman | Trial completion date: Aug 2025 --> Jun 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2025 --> Jan 2026
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • IL6 (Interleukin 6)
21d
New P2 trial
24d
Trial completion
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lenalidomide
24d
Population Pharmacokinetic Study Based on Quantitative Pharmacology in Patients With Lenalidomide (clinicaltrials.gov)
P=N/A, N=38, Completed, Qianfoshan Hospital | Recruiting --> Completed | N=60 --> 38 | Trial completion date: May 2024 --> May 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> May 2023
Trial completion • Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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ABCB1 (ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1)
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lenalidomide
25d
Multiple myeloma with IgH::MYC and multiple extramedullary lesions (PubMed, Rinsho Ketsueki)
Complete remission was maintained for over one year with lenalidomide maintenance therapy. A solitary IgH::MYC chromosomal translocation is extremely rare in multiple myeloma and may be associated with high tumor proliferative capacity, multiple extramedullary lesions, and poor prognosis. Combined therapeutic modalities with novel and conventional chemotherapy and radiation might be a promising treatment strategy for patients with this type of multiple myeloma.
Journal
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SDC1 (Syndecan 1)
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MYC positive
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lenalidomide
25d
New P2 trial
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Tecvayli (teclistamab-cqyv) • Sylvant (siltuximab)
27d
E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L negatively regulates skin tumorigenesis by inhibiting of IL-6/GP130 signaling pathway. (PubMed, J Invest Dermatol)
Furthermore, our findings suggested that NEDD4L can interact with GP130 and promote its ubiquitination in skin tumors. In conclusion, our results indicate that NEDD4L could act as a tumor suppressor in skin cancer, and inhibition of GP130 could be a potential therapeutic method for treating this disease.
Journal
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IL6 (Interleukin 6)
28d
Discovering single cannabidiol or synergistic antitumor effects of cannabidiol and cytokine-induced killer cells on non-small cell lung cancer cells. (PubMed, Front Immunol)
Further examinations revealed that CBD induced DNA double-strand breaks via upregulation of histone H2AX phosphorylation in NSCLC cells and the migration and invasion ability of NSCLC cells suppressed by CBD were rescued using the TRPV2 antagonist (Tranilast) in the absence of CIK cells...In addition, we utilized NSCLC with different driver mutations to investigate the efficacy of CBD. Our findings might provide evidence for CBD-personized treatment with NSCLC patients.
Journal • IO biomarker
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KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • IL2RA (Interleukin 2 receptor, alpha) • CD69 (CD69 Molecule) • NCAM1 (Neural cell adhesion molecule 1) • H2AX (H2A.X Variant Histone) • TRPV2 (Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 2)
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KRAS mutation
29d
Trial completion date
|
CRP (C-reactive protein)
29d
Trial completion date
|
lenalidomide • bortezomib • Hemady (dexamethasone tablets)
29d
Trial completion date
|
lenalidomide
2ms
CD8+ NKs as a potential biomarker of complete response and survival with lenalidomide plus R-GDP in the R2-GDP-GOTEL trial in recurrent/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma. (PubMed, Front Immunol)
CD8+ NKs represent a new biomarker with prediction and prognosis potential to be considered in the clinical management of patients with R/R DLBCL. https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2014-001620-29 EudraCT, ID:2014-001620-29.
Clinical Trial,Phase II • Journal • IO biomarker
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8)
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CD8 expression
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lenalidomide
2ms
Trial primary completion date
|
Eyevinal (ibudilast)
2ms
Study to Evaluate Ibudilast and TMZ Combo Treatment in Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Glioblastoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=50, Active, not recruiting, MediciNova | Phase classification: P1b/2a --> P1/2
Phase classification
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temozolomide • Eyevinal (ibudilast)
2ms
Velcade and Lenalidomide in Patients With Relapsed AML and MDS After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=22, Active, not recruiting, Massachusetts General Hospital | Trial completion date: Aug 2021 --> Aug 2024
Trial completion date • Combination therapy
|
lenalidomide • bortezomib
2ms
Management of Adverse Events Associated with Pomalidomide-Based Combinations in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
Multi-agent regimens incorporating immunomodulatory (IMiD®) agents such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide have become the preferred standard of care for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), resulting in improved survival outcomes. Here, we discuss AEs associated with pomalidomide and present five clinically relevant hypothetical case studies in patients with RRMM to provide scenario-driven guidance regarding treatment selection and AE prevention and management in the clinical setting. Lastly, as new treatment approaches continue to be explored in MM, we also discuss novel cereblon E3 ligase modulator (CELMoD™) agents including iberdomide (CC-220) and mezigdomide (CC-92480).
Review • Journal • Adverse events
|
CRBN (Cereblon)
|
lenalidomide • pomalidomide • thalidomide • iberdomide (CC-220) • mezigdomide (CC-92480)
2ms
Trial completion date
|
lenalidomide • thalidomide • melphalan
2ms
Carfilzomib, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With High-Risk Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=29, Active, not recruiting, Emory University | Trial completion date: Aug 2024 --> Mar 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Mar 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
Chr t(4;14) • Chr t(14;16)
|
carfilzomib • pomalidomide
2ms
Trial completion date
|
lenalidomide • melphalan
2ms
Synergistic anti-tumor effects of lenalidomide and gefitinib by upregulating ADRB2 and inactivating the mTOR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. (PubMed, Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand))
PI3K activator SC79 significantly restored reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion along with elevated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis caused by lenalidomide and gefitinib cotreatment. In conclusion, lenalidomide and gefitinib synergistically suppressed LUAD progression and attenuated gefitinib resistance by upregulating ADRB2 and inactivating the mTOR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma.
Journal
|
ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2)
|
gefitinib • lenalidomide
2ms
CDK6 protein expression is associated with disease progression and treatment resistance in multiple myeloma. (PubMed, Hemasphere)
Furthermore, we observed that patients who underwent lenalidomide-comprising induction therapy had significantly shorter progression-free survival when their samples were CDK6 positive. These data support that CDK6 protein expression is a marker for aggressive and drug-resistant disease and describes a potential drug target in MM.
Journal
|
CDK6 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 6)
|
CDK6 expression
|
lenalidomide
2ms
Decreased circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cell count at the engraftment is one of the risk factors for multiple myeloma relapse after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (PubMed, Heliyon)
The advanced MM stage, depth of response, and lower relative count of circulating E-MDSCs at the engraftment were independent risk factors associated with a lower progression-free survival. The obtained data allow us to hypothesize that MDSCs may play a positive role at the stage of leukocyte recovery by ameliorating the long-term anti-tumor response in MM.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • CD33 (CD33 Molecule) • CD14 (CD14 Molecule) • ARG1 (Arginase 1) • CEACAM8 (CEA Cell Adhesion Molecule 8)
|
lenalidomide
2ms
Pomalidomide improves the effectiveness of CAR-T treatment in the relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma or B-cell leukemia/lymphoma with extramedullary disease. (PubMed, Blood Sci)
Based on the cocultures, adding pomalidomide significantly promoted IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion (P < .05). Based on the above clinical and in vitro studies demonstrating the co-administration of pomalidomide with CAR-T cell treatment demonstrated favorable tolerability and therapeutic effectiveness in RRMM or B-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
Journal
|
IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha)
|
pomalidomide
2ms
RithMM: Rivaroxaban or Aspirin As Thromboprophylaxis in Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2/3, N=57, Active, not recruiting, Lawson Health Research Institute | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=86 --> 57 | Trial completion date: Jul 2026 --> Sep 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2023
Enrollment closed • Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
lenalidomide
2ms
Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone Combination Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=68, Active, not recruiting, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Sep 2024
Trial completion date
|
lenalidomide • bortezomib
2ms
Bendamustine + Pomalidomide + Dex in R/R Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=56, Active, not recruiting, Cristina Gasparetto | Trial completion date: Jan 2023 --> Jan 2025
Trial completion date
|
pomalidomide • bendamustine
2ms
Enrollment closed • Enrollment change • Combination therapy • Immunomodulating
|
lenalidomide • pomalidomide • Hemady (dexamethasone tablets)
3ms
Study of Early Relapsed, Lenalidomide-refractory Subjects Eligible for Carfilzomib Triplet (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=54, Active, not recruiting, Amgen | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Oct 2024
Trial completion date
|
lenalidomide • carfilzomib • pomalidomide
3ms
Lenalidomide Plus Melphalan as a Preparative Regimen for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma: A Phase 1 / 2 Study (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=52, Active, not recruiting, Weill Medical College of Cornell University | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
CD34 (CD34 molecule)
|
lenalidomide • melphalan