The close temporal association of vaccination and diagnosis of CRS in this case suggests that CRS was a vaccine-related adverse event; with anti-PD1 blockade as a potential contributor. Overall, further prospective pharmacovigillence data are needed in patients with cancer, but the benefit-risk profile remains strongly in favor of COVID-19 vaccination in this population.

Skin fibroblasts represent important components of the TME in MF. In co-culture model, normal and MF fibroblasts have differential influence on T-cell phenotype in modulating expression of Th1 cytokine and CTCL biomarker genes to reveal distinct roles with implications in MF progression.

Our study provides a novel insight into the influence of CD160 expression/co-expression with other co-inhibitory receptors in T cell effector functions in patients with CLL. Besides, IL-16-mediated upregulation of CD160 expression in T cells highlights the importance of IL-16/CD160 as potential immunotherapy targets in patients with CLL. Therefore, our findings propose a significant role for CD160 in T cell exhaustion in patients with CLL.

Additionally, a subset of ten proteins including, CRP, SAA, VCAM1, VEGF, MDC, TNFA, IL7, IL8, IL10, IL16 were found to have prognostic value within the TCGA database and a positive correlation with overall survival in GBM patients who had received gross tumor resection followed by conventional radiation therapy and temozolomide treatment concurrent with the addition of valproic acid. These findings demonstrate that proteomic approaches to the development of prognostic assays for treatment of GBM may hold potential clinical value.

Survival analysis showed the expression of FGF9, TPO, TRAIL R3, Dtk, TECK and FGF4 were associated with prognosis. This study revealed the important serum proteins in the pathogenesis of CRC, which might serve as useful and noninvasive predictors for the diagnosis of CRC.

In this study, consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab were included. TNF-α, IL-16, IL-12p40 and MCP3 were associated with high grade irAEs. This study shows the potential association between several plasma biomarkers with outcome and grade 3-4 IrAEs in advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs.

We show that tumour-released factors, through activating caspase-3, increase Treg IL-16 processing into bioactive forms, reinforcing Treg suppressive capacity. In conclusion, we provide evidence that Tregs exposed to secreted factors from bladder tumours show increased immune and growth signalling and altered IL-16 processing which translates to enhanced Treg suppressive function, indicating altered IL-16 signalling as a novel tumour immune escape mechanism.

The patient had an exceptional clinical response with shrinkage of the primary oesophageal and lung metastatic lesions as well as enlargement of liver metastatic lesions after toripalimab monotherapy...We report for the first time that RBPJL (p.P476S) promotes tumor growth in ESCC and inhibits the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy through blunting T-cell responses. Our findings provide a potential new predictor for evaluating the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in ESCC patients.

Our data suggest that plasma nucleosomes in primary breast cancer are associated with systemic inflammation and might have a prognostic value. The underlying mechanisms require further studies.

Importantly, orthovanadate strongly blocks MHV68 lytic gene expression mediated by IL16 deficiency. These data demonstrate that virus-induced IL16 do not directly participate in MHV68 lytic replication, but rather inhibits virus reactivation to facilitate latent infection, in part through the STAT3-p21 axis.

Funding: CANSA (Cancer Association of South Africa), South African NRF (National Research Foundation). Clinical trial identification: BB1.

According to the findings, the genetic polymorphisms in the immunity-associated genes are related to the CRC amongst the Iranian patients. Therefore, more large-scale functional investigations are necessary for confirming the results.