P2, N=31, Recruiting, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jun 2026

P3, N=460, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Feb 2026 --> Mar 2027

P3, N=306, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Feb 2026 --> Feb 2027

P3, N=226, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027

Patients with multiply relapsed or refractory disease may be offered cellular therapy (chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy or allogenic stem-cell transplantation) or bispecific T cell engagers, antibody drug conjugates or immunomodulators like lenalidomide as per fitness and availability...Prognosis remains poor for the vast majority of patients. In this article, we are reporting three cases of follicular lymphoma with HT along with a narrative review of the relevant literature.

P1/2, N=30, Not yet recruiting, Erasmus Universitair Medisch Centrum Rotterdam (Erasmus MC)

P2, N=76, Completed, University of Chicago | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 --> Mar 2026

After eight years and treatment with lenalidomide with excellent clinical response, she developed progressive cytopenias and transformation to acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia-related (AML-MR)...The patient was treated with combination azacitidine and venetoclax and an investigational immunotherapy within a clinical trial...Our findings expand the spectrum of dmin-associated oncogenic amplifications in myeloid neoplasms and highlight FLI1 and ETS1 as recurrent targets of 11q24-derived ecDNA amplification. Recognition of such rare events underscores the importance of integrative cytogenomic profiling for uncovering novel mechanisms of leukemic transformation and potential therapeutic targets.

CD19 expression may be diminished by exams using a tafasitamab-competitive-binding clone. This case highlights not only the concern of HBV reactivation, but also the diagnostic challenge due to CD19 epitope masking following tafasitamab therapy.

Beyond protein degradation, the diverse biological activities of thalidomide are discussed, including modulation of cytokines, angiogenesis, and immune signaling pathways. Collectively, thalidomide exemplifies how mechanistic insight, synthetic innovation and careful risk-benefit evaluation can transform a once-discarded molecule into a cornerstone of contemporary drug design.

Post-ASCT2 maintenance, particularly with lenalidomide or carfilzomib-based regimens, significantly prolonged disease control in randomized and real-world studies. In the modern treatment landscape, second or salvage autologous transplantation remains a valid, safe, and effective strategy for carefully selected patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, particularly those with chemosensitive disease and prolonged initial remissions. ASCT2 should be integrated in a risk-adapted manner alongside maintenance therapy and emerging immunotherapies, serving as a durable consolidation or bridging approach rather than routine therapy for all relapsed patients.

Co-treatment of BoHV-1 with either bortezomib or lenalidomide increased anti-MM cytotoxicity. Finally, BoHV-1 upregulated CD38 on both MM cells and immune effectors, thereby increasing sensitivity to the anti-CD38 daratumumab. These findings establish BoHV-1 as a promising immunovirotherapy agent, effective as a single agent and in combination strategies, by coupling direct oncolysis with broad immune remodeling of the BM microenvironment.