HYAL2 (Hyaluronidase 2)

Our results demonstrate that exogenous PACAP modulates the expression of multiple target molecules in melanoma cells. Some of the significantly responding molecules take part in hyaluronan homeostasis, suggesting an effect of PACAP on tumour matrix composition, through which it can modulate invasiveness of melanoma cells.

HAS1 and HYAL2 were identified as novel prognostic biomarkers. These findings provide new insights into HA metabolism in RCC and open potential avenues for better understanding and management of these tumors.

Moreover, decreased HYAL2 methylation was correlated with increased tumor size, tumor length and stage. Our results suggested blood-based HYAL2 hypomethylation as a potential biomarker for LC early detection.

Collectively, these observations suggest that HYAL2 overexpression could promote glioma progression. Thus, treatments that disrupt HA catabolism by altering HYAL2 expression may serve as effective strategies for glioma treatment.

Our data support the notion of an overall tumor-promoting property of C1q. Moreover, the overlapping localization and physical interaction between HYAL2 and gC1qR suggests a potential regulatory effect of gC1qR within a putative HA-C1q macromolecular complex.

In this review, we aim to discuss the contribution of tumor-associated HA to cancer inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor-associated immune suppression. We also highlight the recent findings related to the enhanced HA degradation in the tumor microenvironment.