HOXC13 (Homeobox C13)

The index related to TTK appears to be a valuable biomarker for effectively assessing survival and forecasting the success of therapy in patients with BRCA. This risk metric can enable timely and targeted early interventions for patients, thus promoting advancements in personalized medicine and enhancing the research in precise immuno-oncology.

Inhibition of miR-218-1-3p expression partially reverses the inhibitory effects of HOXC13-AS silencing on NSCLC cells. This suggests that HOXC13-AS could serve as a promising biomarker for NSCLC, providing new insights into NSCLC progression.

The former partner gene is RARG, with clinical manifestations, bone marrow morphology, and immunophenotype similar to APL. The latter partner gene is HOXC13, with the characteristics of NUP98-AML patients.

These findings underscore the importance of understanding the characteristics of site-specific OSCC. Therefore, it is essential to establish standardized treatment protocols and develop novel therapeutic strategies tailored to each anatomical site of the tumor.

Moreover, miR-26a-5p, a microRNA previously identified as a suppressor in breast cancer, was demonstrated to regulate HOXC13. Our study implies that HOXC13 is a potential therapy target for BRCA immunotherapy and 11-gene signature is a potential tool for clinical evaluation of anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy efficacy.

The functional consequence of HOX genes dysregulation was driven by diverse DNA and RNA epigenetic mechanisms affecting the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation contributing to the oral cancer progression.

This review summarizes the clinical significance of HOXC13-AS as a biomarker for human tumor diagnosis and prognosis and outlines the function and molecular regulation mechanism of HOXC13-AS in various types of cancer, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, breast cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, glioma, and cervical cancer. Overall, this review emphasizes the potential of HOXC13-AS as a human tumor predictive biomarker and therapeutic target, paving the way for its clinical application.

This finding opens new possibilities for targeted therapies, offering hope for improved patient outcomes. Thus, this study underscored the pivotal role of HOX gene dysregulation in ESCC and classified HOXA7 as a potential prognostic biomarker in this tumor.

M2-exo-mediated HOXC13-AS also regulated IGF2BP2 expression, impacting cellular biological function and immune escape process. The study concludes that M2-exo-mediated HOXC13-AS promotes LSCC malignancy and immune escape.

Lastly, the RT-qPCR assay was employed to validate HOXCs expression in samples of BC patients. In conclusion, HOXCs may be a promising prognostic indicator and could regulate the immune infiltration in BC patients, thus being a promising targeted immunotherapy for BC.

Copy numbers of HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58 genomes decreased continuously in HOXC13 KO cells, whereas HPV18 genomes remained stable throughout passages. Thus, HOXC13 is critical for the stable maintenance of the viral genomes of HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58, but not HPV18.

Importantly, H3K27ac acetylation could activate the expression of RHOXF2 promoter region. In conclusion, RHOXF2 activated by H3K27ac functioned as a tumor promoter in TNBC via mediating Wnt2/β-catenin pathway by binding to HOXC13, which provided promising insight into exploration on TNBC therapy.