Head and Neck Cancer

P1, N=48, Active, not recruiting, Boehringer Ingelheim | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2025 --> Nov 2024

Finally, drugs with high sensitivity to HNSCC (such as 5-Fluorouracil, Temozolomide, Carmustine, and EPZ5676) were explored and analyze the malignant characteristics of HNSCC. Malignant features associated with HNSCC include angiogenesis, EMT, and the cell cycle. This study has opened up new prospects for the prognosis, prediction, and clinical treatment strategy of HNSCC.

QuPath showed a strong correlation with manual counting, confirming its utility and accuracy and potential applicability in clinical practice.

Our study comprehensively disclosed that ZBP1 may have the potential to become a meaningful prognostic and immunotherapy-related biomarker for HNSCC.

SOD2 also participates in the specific pathogenesis of oral cancers and dental diseases. The clinical application prospects of SOD2 in oral diseases will be discussed further, referencing the differences and relationship between oral diseases and other clinical systemic diseases.

This provides new avenues for future research to better understand the complex gene expression patterns underlying this type of cancer. Further investigation of these key genes and their regulatory networks could lead to important insights and potential new treatment approaches.

The results indicate that APG-157 and immune checkpoint inhibitor combination treatment could potentially lead to improved tumor control.

We demonstrate how the method can identify distinctive somatic profiles linked to specific germline variants or environmental risk factors. We illustrate the method using The Cancer Genome Atlas whole-exome sequencing data to characterize somatic tumor fingerprints in breast cancer patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations and in head and neck cancer patients exposed to human papillomavirus.

The research highlighted the potential of cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives as candidates for oral cancer, particularly OSCC treatment, shedding light on their operation at the molecular level and paving the way for the development of targeted therapies that could aid in the cure of oral cancer.

In this study, we found that EBV-miRNA-BART6-5p can target SMAD4, effectively increasing glycolysis in gastric cancer cells by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD4 signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Our findings may offer new insights into the metabolic aspects of gastric cancer.

P1, N=15, Recruiting, Presage Biosciences | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P=N/A, N=700, Recruiting, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University | N=300 --> 700 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2023 --> Jun 2024

P=N/A, N=40, Recruiting, University of Michigan | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2026

P1, N=2, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI)

P1, N=85, Active, not recruiting, Cue Biopharma | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> May 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2023 --> Nov 2024

P2, N=74, Recruiting, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai | N=199 --> 74

P1, N=20, Recruiting, Medical University of South Carolina | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Sep 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2024 --> Jun 2024

P2, N=86, Recruiting, University of Arizona | Phase classification: P2b --> P2

P=N/A, N=132, Recruiting, West China Hospital

P2, N=32, Recruiting, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

On the other hand, we suggested that FADD facilitated the progression and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance of HNSCC cells. A signature based on PANoptosis showed great predictive power for lymph node metastasis and advanced stage, suggesting that the risk score might be an independent prognostic biomarker for HNSCC. Meanwhile, FADD, identified as a prognostic biomarker, may represent an effective therapeutic target for HNSCC.

The mechanisms may involve UPM inducing ferroptosis of OSCC cells by downregulating the xCT/GPX4/glutathione (GSH) axis, characterized by intracellular iron accumulation, reactive oxygen species accumulation, GSH depletion, lipid peroxidation, and abnormal changes in mitochondrial morphology. Therefore, this study provides empirical support for ferroptosis as an emerging therapeutic target for OSCC and offers a valuable insight for future OSCC treatment.

These findings highlight the substantial anticancer potential of tivozanib in OSCC and thus its promise as a therapeutic option. Beyond reducing cell viability and inducing apoptosis, the capacity of tivozanib to inhibit EMT and modulate key proteins presents the possibility of a paradigm shift in OSCC treatment.

Finally, the HuR inhibitor pyrvinium pamoate lowers tumor burden by enhancing CD8+ infiltration at the expense of CD4+, suggesting anticancer benefits. Thus, HuR-dependent oral neoplasia relies on immunological dysfunction, suggesting that decreasing HuR may boost antitumor potential and offer a novel HNSCC therapy.

mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 and ALDH was increased, but Bax and Bak gene expressions were reduced significantly The results also indicated that the expression of CD44 significantly decreased after tumor resection and radiotherapy. The upregulation of mRNA level of Bcl-2 and ALDH, and the downregulation of Bax and Bak gene expression were noted in these cases when compared to the healthy control group.

Our analysis suggests that dysregulation of the BER genes panel might be a potential prognosis marker and/or an attractive target for an immune checkpoint blockade in HNSCC cancers. However, our observation still requires further experimental-based scientific validation studies.

Baicalin can be used as an antifibrotic herb to treat OSMF.

P1/2, N=280, Active, not recruiting, Kymab Limited | Trial completion date: Apr 2024 --> Aug 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Aug 2024

P1, N=60, Active, not recruiting, Nykode Therapeutics ASA | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

As expected, the antioxidants MitoTEMPOL and N-acetylcysteine reduce Piscidin-1-induced ROS generation and intracellular calcium accumulation...We demonstrated that piscidin-1 can promote apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways and findings indicate that piscidin-1 has anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties in oral cancer treatment. Our study on piscidin-1 thus provides a basis for future translational anti-oral cancer drug research and a new theoretical approach for anti-oral cancer clinical research.

The gene prognostic model has illustrated promising capability in predicting the prognosis, and ACAA1 and HADHB might serve as potential therapeutic biomarkers for HNSCC patients.

Systemically administered D-allose appears to exert antitumor effects. Further studies are needed to clarify the appropriate dosage and timing of the administration of D-allose and its combination with other metabolic agents.

Upregulation of LINC00313 suppressed autophagy and promoted stemness of NPC cells through PTBP1/STIM1 axis.

Curcumin alone led to dose-dependent responses and when combined with BYL719, positive effects were revealed, as they were when it was combined with MK-1775 or PD-0332991, suggesting a potential use of some of these combinations for HPV+ OPSCC.

AutoPepVax's comprehensive approach to in silico epitope selection addresses vaccine safety, efficacy, and broad applicability. Future studies aim to validate the AutoPepVax-designed vaccines with murine tumor models that harbor the studied mutations.

HPV positivity is rare in NSCLC among a Jordanian subpopulation. P16 INK4a reliability as a surrogate marker for HPV infection in lung cancer must be revisited.

The results demonstrated that AURKA knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of HNSCC cells (Cal27 and CNE2). Therefore, AURKA may serve as a potential biomarker in HNSCC.

These findings demonstrate that p-S6-negative expression is an independent predictor of nodal metastasis. The immunohistochemical expression of p-S6 might aid in better risk stratification and management of patients with cSCCHN.

A pathway analysis of genes correlated with Th2 cells revealed the potential repression of the antitumor immune response and the activation of BRCA1-associated DNA damage repair in multiple cohorts. The Th2 infiltrates were enriched in the HPV/p16-negative HNSCC tumors and associated with LRR and mutations in CASP8, CREBBP/EP300, and pathways previously shown to impact the response to radiation.

In this review, we synthesized available knowledge on the role of estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) in the development and progression of HNTs, with special emphasis on membrane ERs, which are much less studied. We can summarize that in addition to epidemiologic studies unequivocally pointing to the protective effect of estrogen in women, an increased expression of both nuclear ERs, ERα, and ERβ, and membrane ERs, ERα36, GPER1, and NaV1.2, was present in different types of HNSCC, for which anti-estrogens could be used as an effective therapeutic approach.

Tipifarnib is the only targeted therapy breakthrough for HRAS-mutant (HRASmt) recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)...Finally, HRASmt was associated with shorter overall survival in HNSCC (HR: 1.564, CI: 1.16-2.11, p = 0.003) but not in the other cancer types examined. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the unique molecular profiles of HRASmt tumors that may help to identify new targets and guide future clinical trial design.

Systemic treatment was rarely used in our cohort. Our single-center experience highlights the need for referral for genetic testing and metabolic evaluation and for a team-based approach to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with HNPGLs.