GSDMB (Gasdermin B)

Based on the pyroptosis features in SKCM, this study found that blocking GZMA proteins in CD8+ T cells within melanocytes may be the underlying pathogenesis for tumor immune escape in cancer.

The 0.5ZnO@Cu5.4O can be cleared quickly in vivo, ensuring biocompatibility. Additionally, 0.5ZnO@Cu5.4O significantly inhibits tumor progression, offering promising avenues for clinical cancer therapy, and the development of gene-regulating nanoparticles.

In conclusion, as a multifunctional protein, GSDMB not only participates in pyroptosis but also regulates non-pyroptotic processes, playing an important role in cancer progression and inflammatory diseases. Further elucidating the detailed mechanisms of GSDMB may offer novel therapeutic avenues for these conditions.

This strategy aims not only to eliminate cancer cells but also to promote an improved tumor immune microenvironment. Furthermore, emerging research indicates that targeting pyroptotic pathways may improve the effectiveness of existing cancer treatments, making them more potent against resistant tumor types, offering new hope for overcoming treatment resistance in aggressive malignancies.

Notably, almost all infiltrating immune cells and immune checkpoints were negatively correlated with GSDMA/C/E expression and positively related to GSDMB/D and PJVK expression. We indicated the potential role of GSDMs (especially GSDME) in HNSC pathogenesis, progression and response to immunotherapy, providing important evidence for further prospective studies and molecular mechanism exploration.

Collectively, these findings may shed light on functions of GSDM family genes in tumor progression and offer new directions for future research into their potential as therapeutic targets in various types of tumors. Furthermore, the outcomes of this research highlighted that the prediction of treatment responses in KIRC patients may get improved through in-depth exploration into the impact of GSDMB expression on individuals with KIRC patients.

Here we review recent work that has expanded our understanding of gasdermin biology and function in mammals by revealing their activation mechanism, their regulation and their roles in autoimmunity, host defence and cancer. We further highlight fungal and bacterial gasdermin pore formation pointing to a conserved mechanism of cell death induction.

These findings suggested that GZMA+IFN-γ+CD8+TILs modulating GSDMB-expressing tumor cells, significantly impacted the immune microenvironment and patients' prognosis in colon cancer. By elucidating these mechanisms, our present study aims to provide novel insights for the advancement of immunotherapeutic strategies in colon cancer.

The GSDMB staining patterns are linked to its role in cancer progression, the immune microenvironment, systemic inflammatory response, chemotherapeutic efficacy, and prognosis. Colorectal cancer cells with high GSDMB expression are more sensitive to 5-fluorouracil. However, GSDMB expression in immune cells has different effects on cancer progression from that in cancer cells.

Human astrocytes support productive MPXV infection, resulting in inflammatory gene induction with accompanying GSDMB-mediated pyroptosis. These findings clarify the recently recognized neuropathogenic effects of MPXV in humans while also offering potential therapeutic options.

Furthermore, in vivo activation of Hydra caspases resulted in HyGSDME cleavage to induce pyroptosis, exacerbating injury and restricting bacterial burden, which protects Hydra from pathogen invasion. In conclusion, these results suggest that GSDME-dependent pyroptosis may be an ancient and conserved host defense mechanism, which may contribute to better understanding on the origin and evolution of GSDMs.

In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that GSDMB, GSDMD and DFNA5 may be considered promising therapeutic agents and potential biomarkers for patients with ccRCC. Furthermore, GSDMB could act as an independent predictor for the OS of patients with ccRCC.