GPR176 (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 176)

In summary, the present study identifies GPR176 as a novel prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer. Mechanistically, GPR176 promotes EMT and tumor progression, at least in part, through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Third, the concept of rhythmic enhancement of output function is introduced and exemplified by describing re-activation of circadian oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent 3β-hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) activity in the meibomian gland-using nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)-to restore peripheral clock-driven steroidogenesis in this tissue, which leads to amelioration of meibomian gland dysfunction, a leading cause of dry eye disease. This review aims to highlight the molecular logic of each strategy; both mechanistic insights and safety/efficacy considerations are discussed.

Low-risk patients showed higher sensitivity to AZD6482, BX.795, GDC0941, and pazopanib. GPR176 also modulated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and M2 macrophage polarization. These findings may provide new insights into the role of orphan class A GPR genes in STAD and identify GPR176 as a new therapeutic target for GC.

In summary, CRC cell-derived exosomal miR-382-5p inhibited the formation of the CRCLM pre-metastatic niche by targeting the GPR176/GNAS-CXCR1/CXCR2 axis, ultimately impeding liver metastasis development. These findings provide both mechanistic insights and clinical relevance for CRCLM diagnosis and therapy.

GPR176 might be involved in the progression of ovarian cancer. It might be used as a biomarker to indicate the aggressive behaviour and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer and a target of genetic therapy.

These findings indicated that upregulated expression of GPR176 might be involved in oesophageal carcinogenesis and subsequent progression, aggressiveness, and induced chemoresistance by ACC1- and ACLY-mediated lipogenesis and lipid droplet assembly.

In addition, we found that GPR176 is associated with GC immune infiltration and may affect the immune efficacy of GC patients. In summary, the high GPR176 expression level was associated with poor prognosis, more robust immune infiltration, and worse immunotherapy efficacy in GC patients, suggesting that GPR176 may be an immune-related biomarker for GC that can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells.

By examining GPR176 from various biological perspectives, it was determined that GPR176 can act as a predictive biomarker for poor patient prognosis in GC. Additionally, it was observed that GPR176 is capable of suppressing the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and facilitating immune evasion.

These results indicate that GPR176 might be involved in the tumorigenesis and subsequent progression of breast cancer by deteriorating aggressive phenotypes. It might be utilized as a potential biomarker to indicate the aggressive behaviors and poor prognosis of breast cancer and a potential target of genetic therapy.

These results suggested that GPR176 is closely related to the prognosis and TIM of STAD. GPR176 may be a new potential target for immunotherapy in STAD.

A homolog model tool confirmed that GPR176 recruits GNAS intracellularly via its transmembrane helix 3-intracellular loop 2 domain. The GPR176/GNAS complex inhibits mitophagy via the cAMP/PKA/BNIP3L axis, thereby promoting the tumorigenesis and progression of CRC.