GD2-GD3 Vaccine

P1/2, N=374, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: May 2025 --> May 2026 | Trial primary completion date: May 2025 --> May 2026

These findings lend further support to the growing evidence that GD2 is a potential biomarker of CSCs and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human breast cancer that can be amenable to therapeutic targeting.

The carbohydrate ganglioside GD2/GD3 cancer vaccine adjuvanted by β-glucan stimulates anti-GD2 IgG1 antibodies that strongly correlate with improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) among patients with high-risk neuroblastoma...The association between IgG1 titer during re-enrollment and β-glucan receptor dectin-1 SNP rs3901533 was significant (p = 0.01). A longer prime-boost interval could significantly improve antibody responses in patients treated with ganglioside conjugate cancer vaccines.

Conclusions A diagnostic model combining GD2/GD3 quantification in serum had diagnostic power for all subtypes and all stages of OC, including early-stage. Future work will aim to validate these biomarkers in independent prospective studies.

P1/2, N=374, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: May 2023 --> May 2025 | Trial primary completion date: May 2023 --> May 2025

A diagnostic model that included serum levels of GD2+GD3+age was superior to the standard of care (CA125, p<0.001) in diagnosing OC and early-stage (I/II) OC...A diagnostic model combining GD2 and GD3 quantification in serum had diagnostic power for all subtypes and all stages of OC, including early stage. Further research exploring the utility of GD2 and GD3 for diagnosis of OC is warranted.

Among patients with high-risk relapsed metastatic neuroblastoma, oral β-glucan adjuvant during GD2/GD3 ganglioside vaccine boost has stimulated IgG antibody response, which was associated with improved survival; however, the effectiveness of oral β-glucan during the vaccine priming phase remains unproven...Alternative or additional adjuvants may be needed to enhance seroconversion. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00911560.

The use of anti-GD2/GD3 tumor vaccine is a novel and potential approach to minimizing late relapse. How to induce GD2 expression from tumor cells using the epigenetic approach is a hot topic nowadays. We expect that anti-GD2 treatment can serve as a model for the use of monoclonal antibody immunotherapy against cancers in the future.

The ganglioside GD2 has been shown to be upregulated in primary TNBC tumors compared with normal breast tissue and has been shown to identify BCSCs. In this review, we discuss GD2 as a BCSC- and tumor-specific marker in TNBC; epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the signaling pathways that are upstream and downstream of GD2 and the role of these pathways in tumorigenesis and metastasis in TNBC; direct and indirect approaches for targeting GD2; and ongoing clinical trials and treatments directed against GD2 as well as future directions for these strategies.

P1/2, N=374, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: May 2022 --> May 2023 | Trial primary completion date: May 2022 --> May 2023

P1/2, N=296, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: May 2021 --> May 2022 | Trial primary completion date: May 2021 --> May 2022

P1/2, N=296, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: May 2020 --> May 2021 | Trial primary completion date: May 2020 --> May 2021