GCG (Glucagon)

It also restored hypothalamic GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) expression, thereby modulating appetite and energy balance, reducing food intake, and increasing GLP-1 responsiveness, contributing to improved glycemic homeostasis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that DFPG-8 may exert hypoglycemic effects by regulating the cAMP/PKA/Epac/GCG/GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling pathway, thereby improving glucose and lipid metabolism as well as appetite regulation, and support its potential development as a functional dietary supplement for the adjunctive management of T2DM.

We established a non-invasive 8-SPCG signature that may serve as a potential predictor for GC prognosis and TME features. SERPINE1 was identified as a promising mediator linking GC progression to CAFs interactions, supporting its further investigation as a therapeutic target.

This study confirms literature data about the use of denosumab in inoperable GCRTB. These results are preliminary; further studies are necessary on a larger series of cases, with a longer follow-up (3-5 years), with data collection even from other pediatric centers.

Of note, lower levels of GCG and CHGA correlated with reduced overall survival and demonstrated a correlation with the cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferation. These results suggest that the disruption of enteroendocrine cell signaling is a hallmark of CRC development and may hold prognostic and therapeutic value in treating CRC patients.

We have established HMGCR as a regulator of GLP-1 secretion and provide a plausible explanation for the clinically observed mild hyperglycemia associated with statin use. Given the negative acute effect on GLP-1 secretion, monitoring of blood glucose levels is recommended after prescribing rosuvastatin.".

Moreover, we found that increased glutamine levels promote GCG+ PP+ cell formation via mTOR signaling, revealing a novel regulatory mechanism underlying pancreatic endocrine cell plasticity. These findings provide new insights into endocrine cell regulation, and may contribute to a better understanding of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor development, as well as the identification of novel therapeutic strategies.

These findings highlight SBRT's potential as an effective treatment for oligometastatic ovarian cancer, but further research is needed to refine strategies, standardize regimens, and identify patient subgroups most likely to benefit. Prospective trials are eagerly awaited to establish SBRT's role in improving outcomes for this challenging clinical scenario.

the combined use of GC and AZM shows better efficacy than single treatment in treating children with influenza A virus pneumonia, which can significantly shorten the recovery time of clinical symptoms, improve the treatment efficiency, improve lung function indexes and reduce the level of serum inflammatory factors. This discovery provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of children with swine flu pneumonia.

Flow cytometry analysis revealed that COH29 treatment caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in ESCC cells. In vivo studies further validated COH29's robust growth suppression of ESCC, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.

The data on cervical and vulvar cancer in the SQRGC are of adequate quality and may well be used for research and clinical purposes.

The observed reductions in endocrine markers reinforce the concept of PDAC-driven β-cell dysfunction as a potential early indicator of malignancy. Given the poor response of PDAC to PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors, further research is needed to elucidate alternative therapeutic strategies targeting tumour-islet interactions.

Results also indicated that high microsatellite instability directly correlated with high CNs for most of the above indicated genes. These approaches to assessing tumor metabolism-related genes may lead to more accurate measures of patient risk and potential additional treatment options.