Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

To our knowledge, these are the first reported 5-year results of a PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy continued to demonstrate long-term survival benefit and acceptable safety after 5 years of follow-up, reinforcing its use as a standard first-line treatment for PD-L1 positive patients.

P3, N=565, Active, not recruiting, Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc. | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Sep 2026

P2, N=114, Not yet recruiting, Jiangsu Cancer Institute & Hospital

P2, N=258, Recruiting, Suzhou Suncadia Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. | Active, not recruiting --> Recruiting | N=76 --> 258 | Trial completion date: Jul 2026 --> Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2025 --> Dec 2027

In this real-world exploratory cohort, zolbetuximab-based chemotherapy achieved objective tumor responses consistent with prior clinical trials. Early serum albumin decline was not associated with inferior tumor response. These findings suggest that early albumin decline should not be interpreted as a surrogate marker of treatment failure or reduced antitumor efficacy but rather as a treatment-related physiological change. Prospective studies are warranted to clarify the clinical implications of albumin dynamics and optimize supportive care during anti-CLDN18.2 therapy.

Integrating molecular tools and standardized reassessment strategies can enhance HER2 testing reliability and enable more precise treatment strategies, with the potential to minimize HER2 resistance mechanisms. This review provides a practice-oriented guide on the interpretation and optimization of HER2 testing in gastric cancer, while providing insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms driving heterogeneity and resistance.

P1, N=18, Not yet recruiting, Beijing Immunochina Medical Science & Technology Co., Ltd.

Patient-level data indicate that ESCCs with TPS < 1% and HER2-negative GEAs with CPS < 5 do not benefit from the addition of ICIs to conventional chemotherapy. More nuanced clinical trials and predictive biomarkers are warranted.

P3, N=760, Recruiting, Akeso | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P2, N=64, Not yet recruiting, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University

P1, N=18, Not yet recruiting, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University

P1, N=101, Completed, Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd. | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Mar 2025