Ganglioglioma

A fatal outcome and multifocal lesions were significantly associated with tumor recurrence or dissemination (p < 0.05). DIA/DIG has a generally promising prognosis, high ki-67, and multifocal localization of the tumors, which may be factors related to a more aggressive course.

Though rare, multiple neurofibromatosis type 1-unrelated tumors can develop in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients, which demands attention and interdisciplinary management. All related genes should be screened for potential pathogenic variants.

DMGs harboring both H3K27M and BRAFV600E mutations may represent a distinct subtype, with radiologic, histopathologic, and molecular features that appear different from those of non-MAPK-altered H3K27M DMGs.

In summary, ALK fusions may be shared features of a group of low-grade intracranial tumors including IMT, tanycytic ST-EPN, GG, and ALK-rearranged low-grade myxoid mesenchyma neoplasm. Future studies using larger cohorts are warranted to further characterize their clinical and pathological features.

P4, N=163, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=250 --> 163

P4, N=250, Recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Active, not recruiting --> Recruiting | N=163 --> 250

P1, N=62, Recruiting, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Jan 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 --> Jan 2026

A multi-pronged analysis demonstrated the complexity of the PA and GG TME and differences between genetic drivers that may influence their response to immunotherapy. Further investigation of immune cell infiltration and tumor-immune interactions is warranted.

P2, N=100, Completed, Massachusetts General Hospital | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Furthermore, we provide histological and epigenetic findings and clinical outcome. The case expands the known molecular spectrum of oncogenic drivers in glioneuronal tumors and provides a link to potentially prognostic and therapeutically relevant alterations.

Comprehensive genomic profiling is critical for optimizing targeted therapy and overcoming drug resistance in BRAF-mutated cancers. The identification of co-occurring alterations provides opportunities for rational combination therapies, emphasizing the importance of detailed mutation profiling in developing effective treatment strategies across diverse cancer types.