FOLH1 positive

P2, N=46, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=80 --> 46

P3, N=370, Recruiting, Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd. | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

In addition, the in vivo efficacy was also assessed in xenograft mouse models of non-CNS tumors, where PSMA CAR T cell treatment resulted in significant tumor regression and robust accumulation of CAR T cells within the tumor microenvironment. Together, these findings establish PSMA as a promising surface antigen beyond prostate cancer and provide preclinical evidence supporting the development of PSMA-directed therapies for this highly lethal pediatric cancer.

We conclude that the optimal use of PARP inhibitors, PSMA-targeted RLT, and ARPIs requires a personalized strategy guided by molecular profiling, functional imaging, prior treatment exposure, and safety considerations. This clinically focused overview aims to support evidence-based decision-making in an increasingly complex treatment landscape.

While EC1169 showed limited activity, CTC and imaging analyses showed significant heterogeneity in PSMA expression on CTCs in patients with predominantly PSMA-positive lesions on SPECT. Our study highlights the importance of assessing both PSMA-based CTC and imaging assays in future validation trials.

It also reduced SLC7A11 expression, suggesting a disruption of redox homeostasis in cancer cells. Taken together, this integrated strategy combining molecular targeting, real-time imaging, and localized mPTT, with optional gene regulation, offers a promising theranostic approach for precision management of PCa.

P2, N=20, Not yet recruiting, St Vincent's Health Network

High PSMA expression in differentiated thyroid cancer was associated with shorter progression-free survival and may be considered a marker of aggressiveness. Such tumors could be candidates for targeted PSMA-radioligand therapy (e.g., 177 lutetium), particularly in radioiodine-negative/refractory cases, which are difficult to treat.

P1/2, N=29, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=70 --> 29

P1, N=232, Active, not recruiting, Bayer | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

P1, N=14, Completed, The Netherlands Cancer Institute | N=24 --> 14 | Recruiting --> Completed

Nevertheless, such systems can be essential for optimizing prostate cancer management and facilitating communication among imaging professionals, clinicians, and patients. This article outlines these systems and discusses potential strengths and weaknesses.