FLG (Filaggrin)

Sunscreens may protect against downregulation of the skin barrier components aquaporin-3 and claudin-1 after exposure to solar radiation. Addition of a tanning agent to a sunscreen product did not negatively impact product performance.

Encorelane effectively targets both inflammation and aging signs, supporting its use as a dermocosmetic solution for sensitive, aging-prone skin.

The combination of Curcuma longa extract and its active compounds, curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, as photosensitizers with ultraviolet A (UVA) light has potential in alleviating psoriasis. These findings suggest that Curcuma longa extract, curcumin, or bisdemethoxycurcumin combined with UVA treatment may serve as potential alternatives to conventional antipsoriatic therapies such as psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-025-01940-w.

Harringtonine also markedly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8] and inflammatory mediators, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nitric oxide (NO). Our findings suggest that harringtonine may serve as a promising natural compound for mitigating skin aging and inflammation through multi-targeted modulation of ECM remodeling, skin barrier function, and inflammatory response.

Factors associated with tight junctions were also positively affected, suggesting that RT50 may play a key role in repairing skin barrier function. These findings highlight RT50 as a promising therapeutic candidate for addressing inflammatory skin conditions by both reducing inflammation and restoring skin barrier integrity.

As a proof-of-concept, we showed that radiation-affected ECM genes are independent prognostic and predictive markers of radiotherapy benefit in MIBC. Future studies should validate these radiation-induced ECM changes in clinical samples, and explore the role of FLG in radioresistance.

To gain insight into the underlying context, we classified the melanomas based on the filaggrin expression (filaggrinHigh/Low) and profiled the signaling context behind pruritic melanomas. We identified that the major signaling context changes behind filaggrinHigh melanomas are active FGFR signaling and impaired GNA14 and Th1 signatures, in addition to many genetic and immune changes that are associated with pruritus.

These results suggest anti-inflammatory luteolin has the function of restoring the disrupted skin barrier by regulating antimicrobial peptides and cornified envelope proteins. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-025-01894-z.

Notably, the FDOPs exhibited a remarkable reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity, demonstrating superior antioxidant activity. Therefore, FDOPs show dual anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making them suitable as active ingredients for modulating epidermal inflammation and promoting skin barrier repair.

Exosomal FLG-AS1 expression was upregulated in OSCC cells, suggesting that it was packaged in the OSCC cell-derived exosomes, whereas exosome-derived FLG-AS1 overexpression vector reduced the malignant potential of the target OSCC cells. In conclusion, exosomal FLG-AS1 functions as a tumor suppressor in OSCC, while FTO can impair FLG-AS1 expression through m6A demethylation.

FLG-AS1 effectively inhibits the progression of ESCC and counters cisplatin resistance through the modulation of the miR-23a-3p/HOXD10 axis. This is a new mechanism affecting ESCC and will provide new ideas for the targeted therapy of ESCC.

GS, apigenin, and genistein reduced the expression of IL-6, MDC, TARC, and RANTES and increased filaggrin via the downregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation in interferon-γ/tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated keratinocytes. Our results suggest that GS leaf and stem extract ameliorates AD-like skin inflammation by regulating the immune response and restoring skin barrier function.