VEGFD (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D)

VEGFC and VEGFD were confirmed as the potential KLW-associated targets for NSCLC. KLW may inhibit lymphatic angiogenesis of lung cancer by regulating the function of TAMs.

Our comprehensive proteomic analysis highlights the potential role of neutrophils in LAM pathogenesis, with MMP8 and other proteases as potential drivers of lung destruction. PMEL and the 6-protein LAMScore are promising biomarkers for LAM, especially in patients with low VEGF-D levels. The high precision and reproducibility, the wide array of analytes measured, and the lowering costs of proteomics platforms indicate that in the future, LAM diagnosis could rely on clinically approved custom analyte panels without lung biopsy.

Incorporating CypA further refined the model, identifying patients with low VEGF-A, VEGF-D, and CypA, and high VEGF-C and PlGF, as having the most favorable OS. These findings demonstrate that integrating clinical and circulating biomarker data can improve individualized risk assessment and support personalized therapeutic strategies for CRC patients receiving bevacizumab.

Notably, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of axitinib and sunitinib were significantly higher in Caki/AX cells than those in Caki-2 cells, indicating 2.83- and 1.2-fold resistance, respectively. By contrast, the IC50 values of sorafenib and erlotinib were decreased in Caki/AX cells. Moreover, Caki/AX cells showed resistance to everolimus, temsirolimus and rapamycin, and decreased sensitivity to vinblastine, vincristine, paclitaxel, doxorubicin and SN-38 compared with Caki-2 cells. Notably, etoposide, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and carboplatin sensitivities were comparable in both cell types...A PCR array related to vascular endothelial growth factor signalling showed that the mRNA levels of FIGF (also known as vascular endothelial growth factor D) and sphingosine kinase 1 were upregulated, whereas those of Rac family small GTPase 2 were downregulated in Caki/AX cells. Overall, these findings suggested that the upregulation of the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1, FIGF and sphingosine kinase 1 mRNA levels, and downregulation of the Rac family small GTPase 2 mRNA levels may contribute to acquired resistance in Caki/AX cells.

Despite the development of anti-VEGF therapies, their impact on lung cancer outcomes has been limited. Further research is needed to optimize the effectiveness of these treatments and elucidate the potential of serum VEGF as a predictive biomarker in NSCLC.

This randomized trial is among the first to assess dietary intervention effects on progression-related biomarkers in metastatic breast cancer. The WFPB diet was associated with reductions in inflammatory and tumor markers, suggesting potential to reduce inflammation and slow disease progression. Further research is warranted.

Sirolimus significantly ameliorated the cough severity, while corticosteroid combined with immunosuppressive agents was continued for pSS management. Follow-up found that the patient's symptoms remained stable. This rare case underscores the diagnostic challenges of overlapping rare diseases and highlights the critical role of multidisciplinary assessment, pulmonary imaging, and histopathological examination in achieving an accurate diagnosis.

P1, N=20, Recruiting, Columbia University | Trial completion date: Nov 2026 --> Mar 2027 | Initiation date: Jul 2025 --> Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 --> Dec 2026

In wild-type larvae, the antiangiogenic drug sorafenib inhibited blood vessel growth...This confirms that the hypoxia zebrafish models gained resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs by increasing the cellular hypoxia levels. Thus, our zebrafish model for hypoxia provides evidence that the efficacy of chemotherapy for cancer significantly depends on hypoxic microenvironment.

P=N/A, N=72, Completed, University of Coimbra

Notably, we showed that VEGFD induced the dedifferentiation of HEVs by binding to VEGFR2 on the endothelial surface of HEVs and further impaired the lymphocyte homing function of TDLNs. Overall, we revealed that tumor-secreted VEGFD interacted with VEGFR2, induced HEV dedifferentiation, and reduced lymphocyte homing, providing potential insights for the prevention and treatment of LN metastasis.

Smaller renal AMLs can also be screened using these biomarkers, albeit with lower accuracy. Further research is necessary to determine how to implement these biomarkers in clinical practice.