FGF (Fibroblast Growth Factor)

This preliminary report suggests that intracordal bFGF injection may be effective for some cases even with severe vocal fold scar caused by radiotherapy, while the effects for burn-related scar remain unclear. Further investigation in a larger cohort is warranted to explore more information about the therapy.

As KLF5 specifically regulates SETα, this implicates SET isoform switching at the KLF5/FGF signalling axis during primitive endoderm specification. Together, we propose a model of how distinct roles of SETα and SETβ may regulate cell identity in the early blastocyst.

These results suggest that cardiac surgery with CPB increases the plasma levels of several growth factors, thus potentially promoting pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, as seen in the in vitro study using serum from non-cancer patients.

The findings indicate a time-dependent regulation of Fn14 under ischemic conditions in vitro, highlighting its role in BBB stress and recovery. Nevertheless, further preclinical studies are needed to establish its therapeutic potential.

Lineage-specific responses may be exploitable for targeted therapeutic approaches for distinct AL types. This study is the first to comprehensively assess the extracellular secretion of multiple GFs by paediatric AL cells in cultures using a Bio-Plex multiplex immunoassay.

Finally, hMSCs expanded on S75H25 were successfully differentiated into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic cell types. We engineered chemically defined and highly economical GAG-mimetic cell culture substrates based on sulfonated polymer brushes that can be readily applied to biomanufacturing platforms such as spinner flasks, bioreactor beads, and microfluidic platforms to boost hMSC throughput under fully defined conditions.

Furthermore, the addition of growth factors such as bFGF, EGF, or FGF significantly enhanced the formation of CSCs' spheroids. Most of the studies included in the review utilized a non-viral vector for the delivery of pluripotent gene markers into the cells.

This multimodal approach holds promise as a potential therapeutic strategy for chronic diabetic wounds, offering both functional and structural benefits. Further long-term studies and clinical translation are warranted to evaluate safety and efficacy in human patients.

Additionally, we reveal that FGF1 and BCL2 serve as pivotal regulators enhancing CR cell survival in the postnatal hippocampus. Our findings shed light on a previously unacknowledged role of CIC upstream of FGF signaling and elucidate the apoptosis mechanism governing developmental programmed CR cell death.

Mechanical and biochemical cues, including controlled flow, shear stress, and angiogenic factor gradients, are presented as key regulators of vascular maturation and perfusion stability. Validation metrics such as perfusion stability, oxygenation profiles, barrier integrity, and drug transport are emphasised as essential for assessing physiological relevance. Emerging technologies, including smart stimuli-responsive bioinks, 4D bioprinting enabling temporal tissue transformation, and AI-assisted adaptive volumetric fabrication, offer promising solutions for context-aware and dynamically regulated vascular systems. Together, this comparative framework guides strategy selection for either long-term regenerative perfusion or the pathophysiological complexity of tumour vascularisation, and provides practical design principles for translating vascularised tissue models toward clinical application and industrial-scale biofabrication.

Malignant ovarian neoplasms were associated with CCL20 and other markers. This study clarifies the causal relationships between circulating inflammatory markers and ovarian diseases, providing a crucial foundation for future translational research and clinical applications.