Eye Cancer

P=N/A, N=473, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=1000 --> 473 | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027

In our study cohort, nystagmus occurred in a minority of children, predominantly at presentation rather than as a consequence of enucleation, and was strongly associated with RB1 mutation and early disease onset. These findings provide reassurance for families that unilateral enucleation in infancy rarely induces nystagmus when the fellow eye is healthy.

P2, N=40, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026

Our findings elucidate that the I680T mutation-induced loss-of-function of RB1 simultaneously confers invasive proliferation and chemotherapeutic vulnerability to tumor cells, suggesting that RB1-I680T could serve as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapy response in NSCLC. Stratifying patients based on the RB1-I680T mutation status may enable personalized therapeutic strategies, particularly for tumors with E2F1 dysregulation.

Topical interferon alpha-2a is safe and effective for treating PAM with atypia and for PAM with atypia surrounding conjunctival melanoma that arises from PAM with atypia, with high response rates and little to no toxicity. Its similarity to IFN α-2b and safety profile make IFN α-2a a good alternative. Further large-scale, controlled studies are needed to validate these findings and their role in clinical practice.

P=N/A, N=92, Not yet recruiting, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

P=N/A, N=300, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai General Hospital; Shanghai General Hospital

Therapies targeting specific genetic alterations and immunotherapy agents have been recently developed and introduced in clinical practice for the management of advanced-stage UMs. This review aims to present the latest advances in the clinical molecular pathology of UM, along with the resulting targeted, immunological, and other therapies that have been introduced or are currently under investigation.

p16INK4a loss involves genomic, epigenetic, and post-translational mechanisms. Restoring p16 function may reduce CJM aggressiveness.

Canonical NF-κB signaling is mechanistically related to UM cell survival, proliferation, and migration, as shown by pharmacologic inhibition like BAY11-7082, and niclosamide and genetic modulation like microRNA-9. NF-κB signaling, particularly the canonical branch, is required for UM malignancy, while noncanonical signaling is linked with high-risk features. Branch-specific genetic manipulations and clinically relevant models should be employed in future research to maximize therapeutic strategies.

Plasma analysis identified a pathogenic SPEN variant and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype (HLA-A*02:17 and HLA-A*02:01 alleles), conferring therapeutic eligibility for tebentafusp, and molecular evidence supportive of metastatic uveal melanoma, enabling initiation of appropriate systemic therapy before additional tissue sampling...While the liquid biopsy and ablation of one of the lesions confirmed the diagnosis, the liquid biopsy was a key first step that provided a comprehensive diagnostic and prognostic picture without the need for an invasive procedure. This case highlights how integrating liquid biopsy into the diagnostic pathway for uveal melanoma can lead to earlier, more informed treatment decisions.

P=N/A, N=153, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026