Eye Cancer

However, the rarity and heterogeneity of syndrome-related osteosarcomas pose significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment, including difficulties in early detection, incomplete elucidation of molecular mechanisms, and limitations of conventional therapeutic approaches. This article aims to systematically review the clinical characteristics, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic challenges of these syndromes, providing a comprehensive reference for clinicians and directions for future research.

P=N/A, N=42, Active, not recruiting, Duke University | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Jun 2029 --> Sep 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2029 --> Sep 2029

Collectively, these findings highlight naringin's therapeutic potential in mitigating brain aging by targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study offers a robust experimental framework for investigating senescence and supports naringin as a promising candidate for intervention in age-related neurodegenerative disorders.

We further show that MITF, MYC, and GNAQ/GNA11 form coupled regulatory feedback loops in the melanocyte lineage, and MITF deletion in UVM creates acute dependency on MYC-mediated rescue via chr8q amplification, often as a consequence of isochromosome formation. The discovered feedback loops predict both overall and relapse-free patient survival within the most aggressive UVM subtype, explain sensitivity to therapeutic gene perturbations, and inform effective combinatorial therapies.

The specific interface of cyclin D's A2' helix is unique among cyclins and its mutation slows proliferation. Taken together, our work identifies a cyclin D-substrate docking mechanism that can be targeted by novel cancer therapeutics.

Mutations in BAP1, CHEK2, and DICER1 are independently associated with poorer prognosis in UM, while SF3B1 defines a distinct histologic subgroup. Routine mutational profiling by targeted NGS may aid in risk stratification and follow-up of UM patients.

This study allowed us to describe the genetic variants of the RB1 gene in Argentine pediatric patients with retinoblastoma. The distribution and types of variants observed in this patient group are similar to those described in other populations. Currently, next-generation sequencing is in the process of being incorporated in order to describe variants with higher throughput technology.

No recurrence was observed during follow-up. This case underscores the extreme rarity of eyelid involvement and emphasizes that, despite a history of trauma, accurate subtype classification of IPEH relies on histopathologic rather than clinical findings.

P1, N=30, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | N=20 --> 30

P=N/A, N=473, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=1000 --> 473 | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027

In our study cohort, nystagmus occurred in a minority of children, predominantly at presentation rather than as a consequence of enucleation, and was strongly associated with RB1 mutation and early disease onset. These findings provide reassurance for families that unilateral enucleation in infancy rarely induces nystagmus when the fellow eye is healthy.

P2, N=40, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026