However, the possible specific mutation or polymorphism involved in this association has not yet been identified. Further studies with robust methodologies are needed to validate the protective role of Mi in BC and fully elucidate the precise nature of this causal relationship.
Haplotype C-G-G was associated with significantly increased risk of HBV persistence (OR=1.37, 95%CI=1.08-1.73), while it was opposite for C-A-G and T-G-G (OR=0.41, 95%CI=0.27-0.62; OR=0.53, 95%CI=0.32-0.85, respectively). These results imply that combinations of these ESR1 polymorphisms may be valuable for the prediction of HBV persistence.
Conclusion ESR1 and CYP19A1 alleles and genotypes, and specific 3-locus ESR1 haplotypes are related with increased breast cancer susceptibility in Pakistani women. However, ESR2 variant and specific 1-locus ESR1 haplotype have a protective effect.