Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Our findings identify the Nrf2-Gpx2 axis as a master regulator of immunogenicity in ESCC. Targeting this axis represents a promising strategy to convert "cold" tumors into "hot" environments, thereby improving the efficacy of radiotherapy and immunotherapy.

P2, N=54, Recruiting, Yale University | Initiation date: Mar 2026 --> Jun 2026

Rescue experiments and xenograft studies further verified this regulatory axis. KDM4D enhances ESCC radiosensitivity through the SRBD1/RPL11/c-Myc/WIP1/CHK1 pathway, highlighting its potential as both a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target.

The biomarker data supported the mechanism of action involving the upregulation of CD8+ T cells and NK cells. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05104567.

TYW1B mutation is associated with improved PFS and OS. However, these findings require further validation in larger cohorts.

The patient achieved a PR after 3.1 months of nivolumab treatment, although disease progression was observed after 5 months. Although limited by its single-patient nature, this report suggests that PD-L1 gene amplification may represent complementary biological information associated with the efficacy of ICI rechallenge, warranting further investigation in larger cohorts.

Patients with specific chimeric RNAs, such as BRAF and JAK2, exhibited favorable responses to trametinib or ruxolitinib, and those with more neoantigens may benefit from immunotherapy. In subcutaneous xenograft models, tumors bearing Ctsc-Rab38 responded better to anti-PD1 therapy, highlighting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target. These findings indicate that chimeric RNAs can produce novel fusion proteins and neoantigens, disrupt the expression and function of partner genes, and guide clinical treatment stratification in ESCC.

Lomvastomig had a tolerable and manageable safety profile at 2,100 mg Q2W. Clinical activity was limited in CPI-experienced patients with melanoma and NSCLC, while an encouraging signal was observed in CPI-naïve patients with ESCC.

The proportion of PD-1+Tim-3+CD8+ TILs decreased after NAC in responders. These results suggest the potential of a high proportion of PD-1+Tim-3+CD8+ TILs in the pre-treatment tumor microenvironment as a useful predictor of a poor NAC response in ESCC patients.

P=N/A, N=70, Recruiting, University Hospital, Angers | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P1, N=12, Terminated, Biond Biologics | N=280 --> 12 | Trial completion date: Nov 2027 --> Apr 2026 | Recruiting --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2027 --> Apr 2026; Study terminated due to strategic considerations

Further in vitro functional experiments confirmed that knockdown of TSHZ3 in ESCC cells significantly reduced NRG1 expression levels and inhibited the proliferative capacity of SCs in the co-culture system, providing more direct evidence for the TSHZ3-NRG1 regulatory axis. nmSCs infiltration predicts adverse prognosis in ESCC, and TSHZ3 may promote nmSCs infiltration via the NRG1 signaling axis.