ER expression

Additionally, patients with HER2 and TN primary breast tumors exhibited the shortest DFS. Based on these findings, the study recommends the implementation of biomarker testing for recurrent breast cancers as a valuable strategy to inform and guide decisions regarding the selection of rescue chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and targeted therapy.

These systems have good prospects in improving the bioavailability of PTX, enhancing tumor targeting, reducing toxicity, controlling drug release, and reverse tumor multidrug resistance (MDR). This review provides valuable insights into the clinical development and application of PTX-targeted NDDS in the treatment of TNBC.

Harmaline was found to promote apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in TNBC cells by targeting the inhibition of c-Myc. It also induced the re-expression of the ER, PR, and HER-2 genes, as well as the ER and PR proteins.

In addition, an attenuated response to LNS8801 is observed in a common germline coding variant in human GPER. These findings support ongoing human cancer trials with LNS8801 and suggest that the germline GPER genotype may serve as a predictive biomarker of therapeutic response.

EC imaging phenotypes identified through MRI radiomics features were associated with pathologic, molecular characteristics, and DFS, suggesting potential for preoperative risk stratification.

The BPS is a valuable, non-invasive biomarker for assessing the aggressiveness of M-IDC and can facilitate treatment planning.

P1, N=12, Recruiting, University of Wisconsin, Madison | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025

Breast carcinomas are well known for expression of estrogen receptor (ER) however there are other malignancies that are also express ER, possibly confounding the diagnostic interpretation of 16α-[18F]fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES; Cerianna GE HealthCare) in patients with both ER+ breast carcinomas and other malignancies. We present a case of a woman with prior history of both ER+ breast carcinoma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma with subsequent identification of an FES pulmonary nodule that was proven on histopathology to be consistent with an ER expressing pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasis.

The expression of messenger RNA for cyclin A1, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), and bcl-2 associated x protein (Bax) is regulated by PDPK1 under estrogen treatment. Our results indicated that PDPK1 plays a role as an oncogene in the development of EOC; hence, elucidating the mechanism by which estrogen promotes EOC progression by regulating PDPK1 expression.

High expression of NDRG1 was also correlated with high levels of angiogenesis and low expression of the estrogen receptor. These results suggest that high expression of NDRG1 is associated with angiogenesis and is an indicator of a poor prognosis in women with EEC.

When all features are considered in combination, a high overall heterogeneity score was significantly associated with parameters characteristic of aggressive tumor behavior, and it was an independent predictor of poor patient outcome. In conclusion, DL models can be used to accurately decipher the complexity of ITH and provide extra information for outcome prediction.

In contrast, SGSTs are often resistant to somatostatin analogues and instead are treated with the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant. Differential diagnosis includes mammosomatotroph, mixed GH-/PRL-secreting, immature PIT1-lineage, and densely granulated somatotroph tumors. Studies in ER-sensitive rat tumoral mammosomatotroph cells (GH3, GH4C1) suggest that overexpression of chaperones in immature PIT1-/ER-expressing progenitors induces posttranscriptional conformational changes to tumor suppressors of the ERα and aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathways, like AIP, leading to the development of aggressive pituitary tumors like those causing fugitive acromegaly.

In conclusion, HR+/MP-H2 cancers closely resemble TN breast cancers in transcriptional and clinical features and benefit from similar treatment strategies.

Diagnostic laparoscopy could be considered before debulking surgery, to assess resectability of disease and to avoid a futile exploratory laparotomy. HIPEC after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) remains controversial, with possible survival benefit for KTs of gastric origin, particularly when peritoneal dissemination is present but the PCI is low.

P1, N=388, Recruiting, Shanghai Chest Hospital; CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd

AR expression may be related to good prognostic factors such as ER expression, PgR expression, and lower histologic grade. We also observed that AR expression did not have any association with the Ki67 proliferative index.

Together, the results suggest that mRNA expression of ESR1, ESR2, and PGR might differ depending on menopausal status in breast tumors with certain receptor status. More importantly, the change in the expression of ESR1 and ESR2 following menopause is in the opposite directions in breast cancer patients showing the need to identify particular molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of ER isoforms post-menopause in different directions in breast cancer patients, considering the high clinical importance of these receptors in terms of the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.

Overall, the present study demonstrated that ULBP1 was associated with BRCA immunity and might serve as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for patients with BRCA. In addition, it might also be a potential target for the immunotherapy of BRCA.

HER2-low breast cancer, defined by low HER2 protein expression (IHC score of 1+ or 2+ without HER2 gene amplification), has achieved clinical significance, particularly following the DESTINY-Breast trials, which demonstrated the efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in the population of patients with advanced HER2-low disease...This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on HER2-low and ER-low breast cancers, focusing on the challenges associated with their identification, the implications for treatment, and future directions in clinical management. By examining recent studies and interlaboratory assessments, this review emphasizes the critical need for accurate and reproducible testing and reporting, and for the development of tailored therapeutic strategies for these "low" expression cancers.

Thirty-five patients will be recruited with an interim analysis planned after recruitment of 20 patients. The study is open for inclusion and 4 patients have been included as of 10th of June 2024.

Spatial analysis reveals frequent gene expression and copy number heterogeneity in ER+ HER2- BC. Work aiming to quantify gene expression differences between subclones is ongoing.

Methods Pre/perimenopausal pts with no prior systemic therapy for aggressive HR+/HER2− ABC were randomized 1:1 to RIB + letrozole/anastrozole + goserelin or physician's choice of combo CT. Contrary results in the CT arm suggest that these signatures warrant further studies on their potential predictive value. These data are hypothesis generating and should be interpreted with caution due to small sample sizes.

Conclusion The OncoSIGNal test provides a robust and quantitative method to characterize low ER and HER2 1+ IHC breast cancer samples. In addition to detecting and quantifying the relevant cell signaling pathways, the mRNA markers can be used to elucidate the results of low ER and HER2 1+ IHC staining, enabling the identification of patients who may benefit from targeted therapy.

MammaTyper®reclassifies cases considered HER2 +2 by IHC and positive by FISH, identifying 36% (7 out of 19) as HER2 positive and 42% (8 out of 19) as HER2 low. Given the critical role of accurately quantifying HER2 expression for selecting appropriate anti-HER2 treatments, this technique should be considered.

The findings above suggest that risk stratification may be advantageous, even among otherwise clinically low-risk individuals with HR+BC. Multivariable analysis is further planned to better examine the association between OncotypeDx risk categories & pathologic features such as tumor size, nodal findings, tumor grade, estrogen receptor expression levels, progesterone receptor expression levels, & the presence of lymphovascular invasion. Clinical factors, such as age, race, ethnicity, & receipt of endocrine therapy will also be examined.

Subsequently, he received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for 6 months with triptorelin and bicalutamide...The pathological stage was pT1c pN1mi.The Oncotype DX study had a Recurrence Score (RS) of 22 points, leading to a recommendation for adjuvant chemotherapy with Docetaxel-Cyclophosphamide for 4 cycles, followed by tamoxifen...Early detection through screening and appropriate medical follow-up improves the prognosis in patients carrying PV in BRCA2. Therefore, risk control monitoring and adequate genetic counseling are necessary.

Stromal PRB expression emerges as an independent and favorable prognostic marker for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and correlated with a low risk of hematogenous metastases. The findings imply that incorporating this marker into the FIGO stage better predicts the survival for cervical cancer.

The CPS-EG score, pre-treatment mKi-67 level, and the pCR and RCB score were practical prognostic markers for long-term survival. Conversely, the prognostic significance of pCR status was diminished, particularly in predicting OS. These findings underscore the importance of not only post-treatment pathological staging but also the initial tumor stage and biological characteristics of the tumor in predicting ultimate survival outcomes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC patients.

Taken together, these data indicate that ESR1 mutations confer chemoresistance through activation of the JNK/MDR1 axis. These finding suggest a novel treatment option for BC tumors expressing ESR1 mutations.

P1/2, N=120, Active, not recruiting, Ryvu Therapeutics SA | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

Testosterone levels decreased in animals from the GLY, ATZ and 2,4-D groups. Our findings provide evidence that individual or combined exposure to herbicides causes hormonal imbalance and morphological alterations, besides favoring the incidence of proliferative lesions in the prostate, predisposing the gland to more severe injuries.

In the presence of 17β-estradiol or phenol red, more stable Calu-3 spheroids were formed, which was presumably related to an increased amount of E-cadherin in the cell aggregates. Thus, RPM-induced tumor spheroid formation depends not solely on cell-type-specific properties but also on the complex interplay between the mechanical influences of the RPM and, to some extent, the chemical composition of the medium used during the experiments.

These include inhibitors of signaling pathways such as TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, TNF-α/NF-κB and EGFR, as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, 2laparib, and talazoparib have been widely explored. This article reviews recent developments in EMT in TNBC invasion and metastasis and potential targeted therapy strategies.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized TNBC treatment, especially with the FDA's approval of pembrolizumab (Keytruda) combined with chemotherapy for advanced cases, opening new avenues for treating this deadly disease...In this review, we provide a short background on TNBC and immunotherapy and explore the different types of immunotherapy strategies that are currently being evaluated in TNBC. Additionally, we review why combination strategies may be beneficial, provide an overview of the combination strategies, and discuss the novel immunotherapeutic opportunities that may be approved in the near future for TNBC.

The SJF-GSE extract, working synergistically, provides a safe and effective alternative to HRT for managing postmenopausal symptoms and enhancing bone health, without adverse effects. These findings support the inclusion of SJF and GSE in health-functional foods and underscore the importance of further research into plant-based therapies for menopause.

Preoperative clinicopathological features and changes in Ki67 value pre-and post-NAT can contribute to providing patients with a more accurate prognosis.

Single cell analysis reveals that preinvasive breast cancer is comprised of multiple genetic clones and there is substantial phenotypic diversity both within and between these clones. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is a non-invasive condition commonly identified through mammographic screening. A primary diagnosis of DCIS carries little mortality risk on its own, but its presence is a risk factor for subsequent clonally related invasive breast cancer (IBC) (1-5).

Furthermore, ER-positive BC lesions exhibited statistically significant higher SUVmax compared to normal background breast tissue SUVmean, with an overall WMD of 9.9 (95% CI: 7.5-12.2; P < 0.00001). Further studies utilizing this promising radiotracer should be encouraged, implementing prospective, large-scale designs in the near future.

The MUC1/estrogen receptor axis is eventually essential for cancer stem-like features, specifically in HER2-negative cells, and promotes the capability of cancer cells to form mammospheres and express stem-related genes, also reducing their sensitivity to tamoxifen administration. Altogether our findings describe a novel mechanism by which mast cells could increase the aggressiveness of breast cancer uncovering a molecular mechanism displaying differences based on the specific breast cancer subtype.

We applied StableMate to (i) RNA sequencing data of breast cancer to discover genes that consistently predict estrogen receptor expression across disease status; (ii) metagenomics data to identify microbial signatures that show persistent association with colon cancer across study cohorts; and (iii) single-cell RNA sequencing data of glioblastoma to discern signature genes associated with the development of pro-tumour microglia regardless of cell location. Our case studies demonstrate that StableMate is adaptable to regression and classification analyses and achieves comprehensive characterization of biological systems for different omics data types.

Our findings showed that MxDQI and MxAHEI were negatively associated with BC risk regardless of its molecular subtype.

P2, N=63, Active, not recruiting, MedSIR | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting