Endocrine Cancer

CCL17 high-expression was significantly positively associated with age and advanced N classification, suggesting that CCL17 could accelerate tumor progression by promoting the lymph node metastasis. CCL17 high-expression in THCA tumor microenvironment (TME) accelerates local infiltration of immune cells and enhances anticancer immunity, resulting in worse survival of patients and exerting potential prognostic value on tumor immunity in THCA.

However, the levels of thyroglobulin, thyroglobulin antibodies, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies were not significantly different. Conclusions The proportion of NG in thyroid surgery is very high, and NG carries a high risk of PTC, suggesting that elevated TSH and CEA are closely related to PTC.

Our findings confirmed that MDK promotes TC migration and invasion by activating PAmT-P. MDK is a novel molecular target for the treatment of patients with metastatic TC.

BEX4, CAMSAP2, and MARCKS specifically express in microtubules, centrioles, and cytoskeletons, influencing tumor chromosome division and inducing aneuploidy. Additionally, the relationship between the acquisition of tumor cell stemness and the severity of aneuploidy varies significantly across tumor types, displaying positive and negative correlations.

Radionuclide therapy with lutetium-177 DOTATATE is employed for patients showing uptake in 68Ga-DOTA-SST PET/CT scans, while access to 131-MIBG therapy remains limited due to high costs and availability. Recent clinical trials have shown promise for systemic therapies such as sunitinib and cabozantinib, offering potential new options for patients with slow or moderate progression of PPGLs. These advancements underscore the potential of personalized and targeted therapies to improve outcomes in this challenging patient population.

This case supports a small body of evidence that metastatic medullary thyroid cancer can result in systemic calcitonin amyloidosis and its complications, including nephrotic syndrome. Clinicians should consider nephrotic syndrome as a potential complication in patients with metastatic medullary thyroid cancer, particularly in those with long-standing calcitonin elevation and characteristic symptoms.

At age 35, genome analysis revealed a pathogenic de-novo heterozygous germline DNMT3A variant, while classic MEN syndromes were ruled out by targeted somatic and germline genetic testing. This case highlights not only the importance of genomic analysis in patients with multiple and atypical conditions, but also the need for a multidisciplinary approach for TBRS patients, including in adulthood, involving endocrinologists to enhance understanding and optimize monitoring of this syndrome.

We found that ITF2984 is as effective as pasireotide at inhibiting both proliferation/viability and hormone secretion, as well as at inducing apoptosis of Pan-NET cells grown as both 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids. High-dose ITF2984 elicits structural alterations in Pan-NET 3D spheroids compatible with cell death more effectively than pasireotide. Altogether, ITF2984 may represent a useful alternative to pasireotide for the medical treatment of Pan-NETs and other tumors with elevated SSTR3 expression.

Additionally, proper patient preparation, including discontinuing somatostatin analogues as recommended, is essential for optimizing diagnostic accuracy. By addressing these factors, healthcare providers can improve the effectiveness of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in diagnosing and managing NET.

Adrenal LGs are rare tumors and, despite some clues for radiologic diagnosis, preoperative diagnosis is challenging. In symptomatic patients or in cases where malignancy cannot be excluded, surgery is recommended. In general, the prognosis of LGs is excellent.

Our findings suggest a complex interplay between FGFR2 and RUNX2 in regulating tumor aggressiveness. This study underscores the significance of RUNX2 in luminal BrCa progression and posits RUNX2 as a promising therapeutic target and as a potential prognostic biomarker in luminal BrCa patients.

This was the first instance of establishing an organoid model for NETB. Due to high heterogeneity, this NETB patient-derived organoid provides a robust foundation for clinical research. In the future, it could serve as a reliable tool for disease pathology diagnosis, drug screening, and genetic level studies.

P1/2, N=86, Recruiting, Vyriad, Inc. | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025

P2, N=400, Recruiting, Fudan University | N=100 --> 400

P1, N=25, Recruiting, University of Chicago | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Overexpression of SOX13 enhances the inhibition of RSL3 (iron death activator) on the cell viability of TPC-1...In addition, SOX13 strongly regulates cancer immunity and Ferroptosis. Hence, SOX13 has great promise as a bioindicator for both thyroid cancer prognosis and immune cell invasion.

P1/2, N=79, Completed, Famewave Ltd. | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jan 2025 --> Sep 2024

We made a diagnosis of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) of the cervix and performed a literature review to better supplement epidemiological data and assist in developing standardized treatment methods.

Tumor diameter and volume are significant predictors of postoperative HA dysfunction. More than one third of patients improved their HA function, while it worsened in less than a third of patients.

The YTHDF3-regulated P4HA2 acts as an oncogenic factor, regulating glycolysis in PTC through the Hippo signaling pathway. This suggests that P4HA2 holds potential as a promising diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for patients with PTC.

Stratification based on degree of ECL-H is not necessary for diagnosis of AG but does lead to statistically significant clinical and pathologic differences among groups.

P=N/A, N=20, Completed, Ipsen | Recruiting --> Completed

P2, N=17, Completed, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre | Unknown status --> Completed

A 68-year-old male with metastatic gastric MANEC was treated with targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy, including S-1, apatinib, cadonilimab, and paclitaxel...The patient was subsequently treated with a maintenance regimen of S-1 and pembrolizumab...While conversion surgery can be effective in certain contexts, the high likelihood of postoperative recurrence and metastasis, particularly in neuroendocrine components, necessitates cautious consideration. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term benefits of conversion surgery in metastatic gastric MANEC and to develop tailored therapeutic strategies.

This report presented a patient who received octreotide plus IBI-318 plus anlotinib as a second-line treatment for multiple metastatic NETs of unknown primary lesions after the failure of octreotide plus everolimus. Octreotide plus IBI318 plus anlotinib achieved benefits in a patient with advanced NETs of unknown primary lesions after first-line treatment failure, even though with low PD-L1 expression. This case suggests that combining SSAs, TKIs and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors could be an alternative second-line treatment for patients with advanced, well-differentiated NETs.

The treatment has been continued for over 25 months since the initiation of ALK Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ALK-TKI) therapy. This case suggested that ALK-positive advanced LCNEC patients might benefit from first-line intervention with lorlatinib, particularly for managing brain metastases.

P1/2, N=15, Terminated, Aminex Therapeutics, Inc. | N=56 --> 15 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Required re-formulation of DFMO from IV to capsule to maintain safety

Following total thyroidectomy, the patient was treated with levothyroxine, underwent anti-programmed death-1 monoclonal antibody immunotherapy and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeted therapy. An enhanced computed tomography scan revealed no evidence of metastatic disease to other organs. As of the latest follow-up, the patient was in a good condition with no sign of metastasis or recurrence.

VHL disease-related PPGLs were often multifocal and noradrenergic, and more likely to relapse compared with sporadic PPGLs. No relationships were identified between the mutation sites and the clinical characteristics of PPGLs.

P1, N=20, Terminated, Debiopharm International SA | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; The recruitment was halted for strategic reasons

P2, N=120, Active, not recruiting, Boehringer Ingelheim | Trial completion date: Jul 2026 --> Jul 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2025 --> Oct 2026

P2, N=60, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Our findings suggest that crosstalk between CAFs and non-NE SCLC cells promotes glycolysis in non-NE SCLC cells, thereby increase T cell chemo-attractant expression via activating STING signaling. On the other hand, it promotes the presence of apCAFs, which probably contributes to CD8 + T cell trapping and Treg differentiation. This study emphasizes the pro-tumor function of CAFs in SCLC by promoting glycolysis and impairing T cell function, providing direction for the development of novel therapeutic approaches targeting CAF in SCLC.

Here we report the first case in Europe of STRN - ALK translocated advanced thyroid carcinoma successfully treated with alectinib.

Treatment with PD98059, SP600125, SB203580, or Bay 11-7082 reversed the effects of TNFRSF12A overexpression on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and proinflammatory cytokine expression. In conclusion, the effects of TNFRSF12A on proliferation, apoptosis, and proinflammatory cytokine expression in THCA cells were regulated by the MAPK and NF-κB pathways.

BRAFmutpTERTwt had higher stromal lymphocytes infiltration as compared to BRAFwtpTERTwt tumors, corroborating the transcriptomic findings. To our knowledge this is the first report of a potential link between TERT and the immune microenvironment, offering an explanation for the aggressive nature of BRAFmutpTERTmut PTC.

Combination of CDK2 inhibitors in clinical trials (Dinaciclib or PF-07104091) and lenvatinib markedly suppressed growth of xenograft tumors from the lenvatinib-resistant patient. The findings support the combination therapy strategy of lenvatinib and CDK2 inhibitor for lenvatinib-resistant ATC patients with high CDK2 expression.

The same concept could be applied to treatment of infection, by coupling the radioisotopes to ligands that target sterile or nonsterile inflammation. In our case, targeted peptide receptor radionuclide therapy showed remarkable resolution of inflammatory joint disease.

These findings highlight similarities and differences in the cellular response to SDH loss between the two cell models. We show that adrenally-derived cells display more severe morphological cellular and mitochondrial alterations, yet are unique in preserving residual Complex I function, perhaps allowing them to better tolerate SDH loss, thus making them a closer model to SDH-loss PPGL relative to fibroblasts.(281 words).

The findings highlight the compound's therapeutic potential, emphasizing its mechanism of inducing apoptosis in active mutant RET cell lines by interacting with G-quadruplex structures. This novel insight opens avenues for a potentially effective treatment for MTC, potentially bypassing the challenges associated with current TKIs.

[177Lu]DOTATATE PRRT effectively reduces tumor functional activity in patients with SiNETs, with organ-specific responses highlighting the need for personalized treatment strategies to optimize efficacy and minimize toxicity.

Our findings demonstrate that microRNA-223-3p significantly promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is identified as a direct target, suggesting that microRNA-223-3p could be crucial in PTC pathogenesis and may offer a target for therapeutic intervention.