Endocrine Cancer

Pituitary metastasis frequently presents with combined endocrine dysfunction and neuro-ophthalmologic compromise, occasionally as an acute sellar emergency. In oncologic patients with sellar lesions, the combination of AVP-D, visual deterioration, and non-prolactinoma-range hyperprolactinemia should raise suspicion for pituitary metastasis and prompt urgent endocrine and local evaluation.

The advent of these innovations generates questions, such as which tracers can be used in clinical practice, how to compare scans performed with different tracers, or can antagonists be used to select patients for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy? This 'controversy paper' from the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society provides an overview of the relevant evidence to answer these questions, and provides guidance to clinicians and nuclear medicine physicians for contemporary use of SSTR PET.

POU2F3 may serve as a useful marker for identifying urinary tract SmCC with absent or low neuroendocrine marker expression. Its application may improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate recognition of a potential neuroendocrine-low phenotype.

With this aim we investigated INSM1 expression in 58 ACCs that, based on the expression of synaptophysin and chromogranin A, were separated into 36 pure ACCs lacking any neuroendocrine marker expression, 21 ACCs with divergent acinar and neuroendocrine differentiation, and one mixed neuroendocrine/non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) consisting of two separate acinar and neuroendocrine components. INSM1 expression overlapped that of synaptophysin and chromogranin A, although in several cases the number of INSM1 positive cells was less than that of chromogranin A. In conclusion, our results show that INSM1 expression in a pancreatic neoplasm should be carefully considered and interpreted in conjunction with morphology and a comprehensive immunohistochemical panel and does not give any diagnostic advantage respect to "traditional" neuroendocrine markers.

P2, N=104, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> May 2027

NECC requires early recognition and a multimodal diagnostic approach because of its aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. A practical, stepwise integration of morphology, immunohistochemistry, molecular findings, and clinical-radiological data may improve diagnostic consistency and support multidisciplinary management.

By situating precision fermentation within the broader context of adolescent metabolic susceptibility, this review highlights its potential to support microbiome resilience, stabilise hormonal regulation and mitigate early cardiovascular risk. However, further adolescent-specific clinical trials and long-term safety assessments are required to translate these advances into effective public health strategies.

According to the review, adaptation and treatment of HCC based on existing standards for other thyroid cancers seem to be insufficient, and the risks outweigh the benefits. The key recommendations resulting from the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine Neoplasms are only the beginning of refuting many myths and biases.

Durvalumab plus etoposide-platinum demonstrated a modest treatment response in neuroendocrine-transformed EGFR-mutated NSCLC. AEs were concordant with the known safety profiles of the combination, and no new safety signals were observed.

It also illustrates the value of a multimodality diagnostic strategy integrating echocardiography, functional oncological imaging, and histopathology in tumour-related cardiac disease. In selected inoperable patients with advanced carcinoid-related tricuspid regurgitation, heterotopic bicaval valve implantation may represent a feasible strategy for reducing venous congestion and improving functional status.

P2, N=27, Active, not recruiting, Hospices Civils de Lyon | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=154 --> 27

Despite radical-intent surgery followed by adjuvant carboplatin/etoposide, early recurrence developed with progression through multiple subsequent chemotherapy lines. Exploratory metabolomic profiling of tryptophan pathway metabolites in patient serum and PDO-culture media indicated tumor-associated metabolic alterations. We present clinical and translational efforts in difficult-to-treat NEC, illustrating both the translational challenges and the potential role of PDOs in advancing personalized treatment strategies for a cancer with very limited treatment options.