EFEMP1 (EGF Containing Fibulin Extracellular Matrix Protein 1)

qPCR analysis revealed that the significant expressions of SPARC, EFEMP1, RGS5 and SERPINE1 were significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared to the normal tissues. Our study provides insights into the composition of the tumor microenvironment and construction of a four-gene CAF signature associated with clinical prognosis, offering new perspectives for the clinical management of gastric cancer.

Because urine collection is noninvasive and repeatable, these biomarkers could complement existing blood-based assays and provide an accessible tool for clinical practice. Larger, multi-institutional studies are warranted to validate their prognostic significance and enable translation into patient care.

WGCNA reveals modules associated with gastric precancerous lesions and cancer progression. FCRL3, EFEMP1, ANKRD29, and STOX2 may serve as potential biomarkers for monitoring the transition from precancerous lesions to gastric cancer, offering insights into the mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis and supporting early diagnosis and intervention strategies.

These findings suggest that miR-192-5p exerts its tumor-suppressive function by inhibiting a novel gene network that may contribute to HCC progression. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC heterogeneity and highlights miR-192-5p-regulated networks as potential therapeutic targets for HCC.

These findings provide a foundation for future clinical studies and targeted interventions to enhance recovery from PFP. Future research should focus on human sample validation to enhance clinical translation.

We developed and validated a NOTCH-based prognostic model with strong predictive power in HNSCC. The NOTCH score may help assess immune status, predict treatment response, and guide personalized therapy.

Among conventional tumor markers, the pleural fluid CYFRA 21-1/CEA ratio has shown high diagnostic accuracy, further enhanced when combined with mesothelin. Pleural fluid fibulin-3 has also been identified as an independent prognostic factor for survival.

Furthermore, locoregional delivery of anti-fibulin-3 in mice with intracranial GBM increased the presence of pro-inflammatory TAMs, thereby reducing tumor viability. Our findings show that anti-fibulin-3 approaches, which affect the ECM surrounding tumor and immune cells, can diminish immunosuppression in GBM and boost innate immune responses against the tumor.

Moreover, Gene-TF and Gene-miRNA network analyses highlighted critical regulators, including TFs like CYR61, SMAD4, SOX2, TP63, and AR, along with miRNAs such as hsa-let-7b-5p, hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-let-7c-5p, and hsa-miR-16-5p, underscoring the functional impact of the selected features. In conclusion, the proposed approach effectively generates a streamlined set of optimal features, providing valuable biological insights and laying the groundwork for more accurate and effective tools in cancer diagnosis and prediction.

Our findings reveal a novel mechanism involving the GOLM1-ACLY axis within macrophages that regulates tumor progression, which suggest a potential strategy for tumor intervention.

While plasma fibulin-3 is a highly specific biomarker for MPM, its low sensitivity limits its standalone diagnostic utility. Its potential role in risk stratification and early detection of MPM at-risk populations using combination of different and new biomarkers warrants further study.

In summary, HIPK4 could exacerbate CSCC malignant progression by inhibiting EFEMP1 through phosphorylating TAp63, highlighting HIPK4 as a potential therapeutic target in CSCC. Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CSCC progression and propose novel strategies for therapeutic intervention.