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    GENE:

    DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)

    i
    Other names: DRD2, Dopamine Receptor D2, D(2) Dopamine Receptor, Dopamine D2 Receptor, Seven Transmembrane Helix Receptor, Dopamine Receptor D2 Isoform, D2DR, D2R
    Associations

    News

    Trials
    14d
    Pharmacologic targeting of the dopamine D2 receptor impacts the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in melanoma. (PubMed, J Immunother Cancer)
    These findings demonstrate that pharmacologic modulation of D2R impacts the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in murine melanoma and raise the possibility of using FDA-approved D2R targeting therapies as cotherapeutics to overcome ICI resistance in patients with advanced melanoma.
    Journal • Checkpoint inhibition • IO biomarker
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    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)
    14d
    circOMA1 delivered by exosomes regulates DRD2‑mediated prolactinoma resistance. (PubMed, Int J Mol Med)
    Among pituitary adenomas, prolactin‑secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PRL‑PitNETs) are unique in that pharmacotherapy, specifically cabergoline (CAB), can be used as a first‑line treatment, and it is the recommended therapeutic option...Plasma exosomal circOMA1 levels were significantly elevated in PRL‑PitNET patients preoperatively. These findings established circOMA1 as a key mediator of CAB resistance and a potential prognostic indicator in patients with a PRL‑PitNET.
    Journal
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    DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2) • MIR145 (MicroRNA 145)
    1m
    Molecular Effect of Tobacco on Genetic, Epigenetic, and Metabolic Pathways During Cancer Progression. (PubMed, Cureus)
    These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, such as epigenetic therapies, metabolic reprogramming, and robust tobacco control policies, to mitigate the global burden of tobacco-related diseases. By providing a unified framework for understanding tobacco's molecular impact, this research advocates for precision medicine and public health strategies to address the pervasive effects of tobacco on human health.
    Review • Journal • PARP Biomarker • IO biomarker
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    BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • EZH2 (Enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit) • IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • HIF1A (Hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit) • ATR (Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein) • PARP1 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1) • MTHFR (Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase) • SOX2 • CASP3 (Caspase 3) • POU5F1 (POU Class 5 Homeobox 1) • CASP9 (Caspase 9) • HDAC1 (Histone Deacetylase 1) • YBX1 (Y-Box Binding Protein 1) • NANOG (Nanog Homeobox) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2) • SUV39H1 (SUV39H1 Histone Lysine Methyltransferase) • TCF4 (Transcription Factor 4) • COMT (Catechol-O-Methyltransferase)
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    TP53 mutation
    1m
    Nuclear and membrane-bound hormone receptors in glioblastoma: Expression, functionality, and therapeutic implications. (PubMed, Neurooncol Adv)
    Dopamine receptors, particularly DRD2 and DRD3, are emerging as regulators of glioblastoma stem cell maintenance and therapy resistance. Targeting hormone and GPCR-related pathways, especially considering sex-specific factors, offers promising avenues for developing personalized glioblastoma treatments and enhancing current therapy outcomes.
    Review • Journal
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    PGR (Progesterone receptor) • AR (Androgen receptor) • CXCR4 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)
    2ms
    DRD2 Deficiency Underlies Pituitary Adenoma Dependent on Escherichia coli Translocation from the Gut. (PubMed, Adv Sci (Weinh))
    The depletion of bacteria systemically, microglial depletion or HMGB1 inhibitor ethyl pyruvate rescued prolactinomas. Our findings suggest that DRD2 deficiency underlies pituitary adenoma dependent on Escherichia coli translocation from the gut and activating microglia GSDMD/ HMGB1/MAPK pathway, and provide a novel preclinical rationale for antimicrobial agents, microglial depletion, or HMGB1 inhibitor ethyl pyruvate for the treatment of pituitary adenoma.
    Journal
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    HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)
    2ms
    Decoding the immunopharmacological basis of ECT-induced clozapine level elevation: Insights from a Quantitative Systems Pharmacology model. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol)
    The QSP model provides a robust, mechanistically plausible explanation for the observed ECT-clozapine interaction, identifying the inflammatory cascade as the critical driver of impaired clozapine metabolism. The model serves as a powerful tool for simulating patient risk and provides a quantitative foundation for developing personalized, model-informed dosing strategies to enhance the safety of this crucial concomitant therapy.
    Journal
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    IL6 (Interleukin 6) • CYP1A2 (Cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 2) • CRP (C-reactive protein) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)
    2ms
    Detection of Structural Changes in G-Quadruplex-Forming DNA Oligonucleotides via DNA Methylation Based on Luminol Chemiluminescence Catalyzed by Myoglobin. (PubMed, Biosensors (Basel))
    Versatility was further confirmed using the sequence from the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene promoter, where the methylation similarly induced distinct topological and functional changes. This is the first study to directly link the epigenetic state of a G4-forming DNA sequence to a protein-mediated enzymatic output, offering a framework for simple, rapid, and highly adaptable biosensors for research and clinical applications.
    Journal
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    BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2) • MB (Myoglobin)
    4ms
    Dordaviprone in H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma: an editorial on emerging targeted therapy. (PubMed, Ann Med Surg (Lond))
    Treatment was well tolerated, with only grade 1-2 adverse events reported. Larger randomized studies are needed to validate efficacy and long-term safety.
    Journal
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    DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)
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    Modeyso (dordaviprone)
    4ms
    G protein-coupled receptor digital twins for precision and personalized medicine. (PubMed, Comput Struct Biotechnol J)
    By bridging molecular insights with clinical applications, digital twins offer a powerful platform for precision GPCR medicine, promising improved therapeutic outcomes through individualized treatment strategies. The triumvirate of digital twins, QSP, and AI will likely revolutionize GPCR-targeted therapies, paving the way for a new era of precision medicine while highlighting the need for ethical and technical advancements to maximize their clinical impact.
    Review • Journal
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    CXCR4 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)
    5ms
    Drug Repurposing Screen Identifies Pimozide as a ROS-Inducing Therapy With Anti-Tumor Efficacy in HNSCC PDX Models. (PubMed, Cancer Sci)
    Notably, pimozide exhibited anti-tumor effects as a monotherapy and in combination with paclitaxel at clinically relevant doses. While tumor volume reduction in the combination group was not statistically greater than that in the monotherapy group, fluorescence immunohistochemistry revealed a marked decrease in undifferentiated tumor cells, indicating enhanced therapeutic effects of combination treatment. Taken together, these findings indicate that pimozide is a promising candidate for repurposing as a novel therapeutic agent against HNSCC.
    Journal
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    STAT3 (Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 3) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2) • EGR1 (Early Growth Response 1)
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    paclitaxel
    5ms
    Netrin-1 Inhibits Neuroinflammation by Modulating DRD2/GSK3β Signaling and Suppressing ROS in a Parkinson's Disease Model. (PubMed, CNS Neurosci Ther)
    These findings suggest that Netrin-1 protects dopaminergic neurons by regulating neuroinflammation, preserving DRD2 signaling, and inhibiting phosphorylation of GSK3β at Tyr216, thereby offering potential as a therapeutic agent for dopaminergic neurodegeneration.
    Journal
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    IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • CASP3 (Caspase 3) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta) • SNCA (Synuclein Alpha) • DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2) • NTN1 (Netrin 1)
    5ms
    Histopathological evaluation of dopamine receptor D2 expression in symptomatic gonadotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: a case series including a rare metastatic case responsive to a dopamine agonist. (PubMed, Brain Tumor Pathol)
    In a rare case of metastatic Gn-PitNET, cabergoline was associated with tumor stability and hormone control. Further studies may clarify whether DRD2 expression can help predict DA responsiveness in refractory tumors.(200/200 words).
    Journal
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    DRD2 (Dopamine Receptor D2)