Urinary free cortisol measurement was 21-fold the upper limit of the reference range (3,614.0 nmol/24 h), and cortisol concentration did not decrease after 1mg-dexamethasone suppression test (1,812 nmol/L for an expected value <50 nmol/L), confirming the ACTH-dependent CS...Hypercortisolism symptoms were effectively managed with an adrenal enzyme inhibitor (ketoconazole) in combination with somatostatin analogs...This redifferentiation phenomenon in neuroendocrine tumors should be further investigated as patients might be, under certain conditions, eligible for PRRT. Therefore, we suggest that newly occurring paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with NEC should always be evaluated using 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.

P3, N=120, Recruiting, Weill Medical College of Cornell University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

In the meantime, the retinal infiltrate became inactive and vitreous opacity resolved. Intravitreal fluconazole injection is a treatment option for fungal endophthalmitis in the case that a patient cannot undergo vitrectomy and cannot take a maximum dose of fluconazole because of poor renal function.

P1, N=10, Active, not recruiting, University of Kansas Medical Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jun 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2023 --> Feb 2024

P=N/A, N=200, Not yet recruiting, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Academic of Chinese Medicine Science; Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzh

In contrast, SC5D and DHCR24 KO cells with elevated lathosterol or desmosterol proliferated slowly, with downregulated E2F, mitosis, and enriched HNF1A. These findings demonstrate that increase of lanosterol and 24,25-dihydrolanosterol, but not other sterols, promotes cell proliferation in hepatocytes.

The data of this study showed that both TLR4 rs141534085 and CYP51A1 rs6 related DNA regions should be considered as hotspot areas in RA pathogenicity. Moreover, these data indicated that, TNF- α did not alter the production of anti-CCP and RF pathogenic antibodies in patients with long-term RA.

P=N/A, N=10, Recruiting, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University

Meanwhile, when the upward trend of PXR gene expression was inhibited by ketoconazole, the proliferation rate decreased. By inhibiting HNF4α and creating a partial hepatectomy (PHx), we demonstrated that HNF4α can upregulate PXR to promote liver regeneration in vivo. Therefore, HNF4α is shown to improve hepatocyte regeneration by upregulating PXR, which provides a reference for future research on the combined application of drugs for the treatment of liver injury.

OB-LNPs and LS-LNPs were further tested for their anti-efflux activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica strains and for treating Salmonella infection in a rat model. Treatment of T. rubrum-infected guinea pigs with OB-LNPs and LS-LNPs topically in combination with itraconazole resulted in a reduction in lesion scores, microscopy, and culture results. In conclusion, OB-LNPs and LS-LNPs possess immunomodulatory and antioxidant potential and can be used as naturally derived nanoparticles for drug delivery and treatment of Salmonellosis and dermatophytosis infections.

P4, N=30, Recruiting, University of Oklahoma | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> May 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Dec 2024

P2, N=56, Completed, Hospices Civils de Lyon | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

P1, N=36, Not yet recruiting, Zagazig University

We enrolled 401 adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in Uganda who received amphotericin and fluconazole induction therapy...18-week survival after diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis was associated with higher CSF leukocytes at baseline with greater T helper 1 (IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α cytokines), T helper 17 (IL-17A cytokine) and CXCR3 + T cell (CXCL10 chemokine) responses. These results highlight the interdependent contribution of soluble and cellular immune responses in predicting survival with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.

P3, N=120, Completed, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

P3, N=196, Recruiting, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh

P2, N=16, Terminated, Montreal Heart Institute | N=68 --> 16 | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Feb 2024 | Recruiting --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Feb 2024; Insufficient patient enrollment

P2, N=56, Active, not recruiting, Hospices Civils de Lyon | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

For example, the combination of cannabis-derived compounds and the antifungal drug ketoconazole, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, increases the plasma concentration of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). In contrast, rifampicin, a CYP3A4 inducer, stands out for reducing plasma THC levels by approximately 20-40% and 50% to 60% for CBD...Although further studies are still pending, there is currently clinical evidence supporting drug interactions with cannabinoids, requiring doctors to evaluate the risk of drug combinations with cannabinoids and vice versa. The tables provided here were designed to facilitate the identification of biorelevant interactions that may compromise therapeutic efficacy and toxicity.

Also, cell viability assay, Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, and total oxidant and antioxidant status analyses were performed to support Raman measurements. We strongly believe that the proposed approach paves the way for the evaluation of various biochemical structures/changes in various cells.

Antimicrobial tests showed that the Rh2-Rh4 complexes exerted a strong inhibitory effect on G+ bacteria B. cereus and G- bacteria V. parahaemolyticus as well as on the yeast C. tropicalis, which showed a higher sensitivity compared to fluconazole. The cytotoxic activity of Rh1-Rh4 complexes tested on three cancer cell lines (HeLa, HCT116 and MDA-MB-231) and on healthy MRC-5 cells showed that all investigated complexes elicited more efficient cytotoxicity on all tested tumor cells than on control cells. Investigation of the mechanism of action revealed that the Rh1-Rh4 complexes inhibit cell proliferation via different mechanisms of action, namely apoptosis (increase in expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax protein and caspase-3 protein in HeLa and HCT116 cells; changes in mitochondrial potential and mitochondrial damage; release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria; cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase in both HeLa and HCT116 cells together with a decrease in the expression of cyclin A and cyclin B) and autophagy (reduction in the expression of the protein p62 in HeLa and HCT116 cells).

P1, N=5, Recruiting, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center | Trial completion date: May 2024 --> Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: May 2024 --> Dec 2024

P=N/A, N=200, Active, not recruiting, University of Rome Tor Vergata | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

P1, N=32, Recruiting, Celgene | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P=N/A, N=60, Completed, Cairo University | Enrolling by invitation --> Completed

P2, N=8, Terminated, Pulmatrix Inc. | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Low enrollment

In contrast, STING activation was enhanced when the lipid-shuttling protein OSBP, which removes PI4P from the Golgi apparatus, was inhibited by the US Food and Drug Administration-approved antifungal itraconazole...Furthermore, a mutant STING that could not bind to PI4P failed to traffic from the ER to the Golgi apparatus in response to a STING agonist, whereas forced relocalization of STING to PI4P-enriched areas elicited STING activation in the absence of stimulation with a STING agonist. Thus, PI4P is critical for STING activation, and manipulating PI4P abundance may therapeutically modulate STING-dependent immune responses.

P=N/A, N=223671, Active, not recruiting, University of California, San Francisco | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jan 2025

P1, N=430, Completed, Taro Pharmaceuticals USA

P=N/A, N=150, Not yet recruiting, First Hospital of China Medical University

P4, N=30, Recruiting, University of Oklahoma | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jun 2024

P2, N=68, Recruiting, Montreal Heart Institute | Trial completion date: Mar 2024 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2024 --> Dec 2024

P3, N=120, Not yet recruiting, Weill Medical College of Cornell University

P=N/A, N=104, Recruiting, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024

P1, N=105, Recruiting, University of Manitoba | Trial completion date: Apr 2025 --> Apr 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Apr 2025

P3, N=100, Active, not recruiting, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Mar 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Mar 2024

P1, N=60, Recruiting, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Itraconazole inhibited cell glycolysis and tumor growth via the CEBPB-ENO1 axis. In this study, we illustrate a new energy metabolism mechanism for itraconazole on tumor growth in CRC that will provide a theoretical basis for CRC targeting/combination therapy.

P2/3, N=382, Completed, Hill Dermaceuticals, Inc. | Phase classification: P3 --> P2/3

P3, N=100, Recruiting, Hill Dermaceuticals, Inc. | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Nov 2023 --> Nov 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2023 --> Sep 2024

P2, N=8, Active, not recruiting, Pulmatrix Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=30 --> 8 | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 --> Feb 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Feb 2024

Moreover, itraconazole exhibited a promise to impede the transformation of epithelial cells into a more mesenchymal-like phenotype. Overall, this study emphasizes the significance of targeting the hedgehog pathway with itraconazole as a promising avenue for further exploration in clinical studies related to HCC treatment.