CTNNB1 (Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1)

This series offers an integrated clinicopathological and molecular overview of diagnostically challenging nodular fasciitis, emphasising the importance of including it in the differential diagnosis of mesenchymal tumours in both superficial and deep sites. We believe this series contributes to the understanding of USP6-associated neoplasia and will aid pathologists in recognising nodular fasciitis in challenging settings, enhance diagnostic confidence, and support targeted use of advanced molecular techniques.

Pathway enrichment identified focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, cytoskeletal modulation, and mineral absorption as critical activities. This study elucidates conserved oncogenic pathways by analysing phosphoproteomic signatures across regional and patient-level variability, emphasising phosphoproteomics as a robust framework for biomarker and therapeutic development in CCA.

Nonetheless, significant challenges persist, including elucidating network-level microbial interactions, validating robust biomarkers, and advancing these findings into clinical practice. Future multidisciplinary collaborations are essential to fully leverage the oral-gut microbiota axis for precision oncology in HNC.

By blocking the mechanisms that lead to angiogenesis and tumor growth, first-line systemic treatments, such the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) lenvatinib and sorafenib, have shown moderate improvements in survival. However, their long-term efficacy is significantly reduced by intrinsic and acquired resistance, which is why second-line medications like regorafenib, cabozantinib, and ramucirumab are being studied. When combined with anti-VEGF treatments, parallel developments in immunotherapy, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as atezolizumab and nivolumab, have shown promising outcomes...In the end, the review promotes the combination of dynamic molecular profiling and biomarker-driven precision medicine to enhance patient stratification, improve treatment decision-making, and provide long-lasting clinical effects. A strategic foundation for future advancements and individualized treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is provided by this comprehensive synthesis.

Similarly, there was no effect of unglycosylated EpCAM on cell viability, migration, invasion, or homotypic adhesion, although we did observe slight increases in homotypic cell-cell adhesion in EpCAM overexpressing cells. These findings show that N-glycosylation has a significant impact on stability and subcellular localization of EpCAM, but not on several critical breast cancer cell properties important for cancer progression and metastasis in human triple-negative MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells.

Hence, a new mechanism of oncogenesis in PEL is ascribed to β-catenin. Moreover, the evaluation of other small-molecule inhibitors of β-catenin will open a path to combat lymphoma in the future.

It also highlights emerging therapeutic approaches, such as antisense oligonucleotides, RNA interference, CRISPR-Cas systems, and natural lncRNA-modulating compounds, which collectively represent a promising frontier in precision medicine for brain tumors. This work offers a critical framework for future research and therapeutic innovation in the lncRNA landscape of neuro-oncology.

Consequently, there is considerable interest in developing drugs that target the downstream effector, β-catenin. This review examines the challenges in targeting β-catenin, current approaches, and insights into overcoming on-target toxicity associated with cadherin-bound β-catenin.

P2, N=45, Active, not recruiting, Children's Oncology Group | Trial completion date: Jun 2027 --> Mar 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2027 --> Mar 2028

In vitro, XAV939 suppressed β-catenin-driven aerobic glycolysis in TNBC cells, downregulating β-catenin and glycolytic proteins, reducing glycolytic activity, and impairing aggressive phenotypes (proliferation, migration, invasion, clonogenicity).ConclusionOverall, our results highlight the crucial role of β-catenin in controlling aerobic glycolysis via regulation of key glycolytic proteins, thereby positively driving the progression and metastasis of TNBCs. Additionally, our data strongly establish that XAV939 effectively inhibits glycolytic phenotype, thereby suggesting its therapeutic potential in TNBC patients.

This case also highlights the efficacy of sorafenib and adjuvant cryoablation as non-surgical treatment options of recalcitrant DF when complete surgical excision is not an option. To the authors knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the use of cryoablation for orbital DF.