CTAG1A (Cancer/Testis Antigen 1A)

The developed fatty acid metabolism prognostic risk model underscores the significance of fatty acids in neuroblastoma prognosis and immune landscape, thereby facilitating the optimization of chemotherapy and immunotherapy strategies for this disease. The comprehensive analysis of cell death pathways revealed distinct regulatory mechanisms of signature genes, particularly highlighting TP63's central role in coordinating multiple cell death processes. CHD5, as an identified gene inhibiting the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of neuroblastoma cells, serves as a novel tumor biomarker.

The determination of serum autoantibody panel has clinical value in screening and prediction of gastric cancer, and can be used as an auxiliary index in clinical diagnosis. The combination of 7-TAAs and Helicobacter pylori can effectively improve the screening specificity and positive predictive value. The detection results of different proteins were related to the stage of disease, the degree of tumor differentiation and the depth of invasion.

The CCT4 up-regulation and PRAME mutations were correlated with a good prognosis for ovarian cancer, while higher levels of GAGE2A and CT45A1 mRNAs were correlated with a poor prognosis for ovarian cancer patients. Thus, GAGE2, CT45, CCT4, and PRAME cancer/testis antigens can be considered as potential prognostic markers for ovarian tumors, and GAGE2, CCT4, and PRAME were revealed to be correlated with the prognosis for ovarian cancer patients for the first time.

Our analysis identified baseline FSCN1 serum levels to be independently associated with poor survival of Abi-treated, but not Doc-treated mCRPC patients, suggesting a therapy specific prognostic value for FSCN1.

Patients whose gallbladder cancer expresses NY-ESO1 or PD-L1 might be candidates for immunotherapy.

These findings confirm that a subset of CT genes can be regulated by hypomethylating drugs and subsequently provide a potential therapeutic target for cancer.

FJX1 is thought to affect chromogenic modification enzymes, the Notch signaling system, cell senescence, and other signaling pathways, according to KEGG enrichment analysis. FJX1 may be a critical target in colorectal cancer metastasis, and thus has the potential as a new biomarker to predict and treat colorectal cancer liver metastases.

TKTL2 expression was also observed in 50% of leukemia samples but not in the BC samples. More experiments at the protein level and with a larger cohort of patients are required to evaluate this finding.

Serum IgG autoantibodies against p53, CTAG1A and TIF1γ, and IgA autoantibody against TIF1γ present the diagnostic value for early HCC, of which anti-p53-IgG is a preferable biomarker. The panel comprised of four autoantibodies might contribute to early HCC diagnosis.

Significant associations of LAGE family genes were correlated with the cell cycle, focal adhesion, and extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interactions as indicated by functional enrichment analyses. Collectively, LAGE family members' gene expression levels were related to adverse clinicopathological factors and prognoses of BRCA patients; therefore, LAGEs have the potential to serve as prognosticators of BRCA patients.