cordycepin (OVI-123)

The review lists over 18 mushroom species (e.g., Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps, Phellinus) and 28 bioactive compounds (such as Ganoderic acid DM, Cordycepin, Hispidin) that affect autophagy, demonstrating efficacy against 15 cancer types, including colorectal, lung, breast, and liver cancers...The context-dependent effects of autophagy, along with the limited clinical evidence, present considerable challenges. Future clinical trials must focus on developing standardized extracts and personalized approaches to effectively translate this potential into clinical practice.

Mice exhibiting PTSD-like behaviour were treated with fluoxetine (FLU, 10 mg/kg), an antidepressant drug, and COR (10 and 50 mg/kg). COR demonstrated a dose-dependent response with 50 mg/kg showing consistent improvement in both behavioural and biochemical parameters. Overall, COR exhibited promising activity in this model and may serve as a potential natural therapeutic strategy to investigate for the management of PTSD in clinics.

Non-targeted metabolomics analysis using LC-MS identified specific activation of the histidine metabolism pathway, with elevated levels of the key metabolite Cetirizine N-Oxide potentially contributing to enhanced immune activity. Mechanistic studies further revealed that the triple therapy suppresses the activity of the Bcl6 regulatory network, thereby reducing the immunosuppressive function of Tregs and destroying the immunosuppressive interplay between myeloid immune cells and Tregs. These results demonstrate a promising "microbiome-immune" dual-targeting strategy for colon cancer with clinical translational potential.

Functionally, COR treatment inhibited EVT cell invasion, and this effect was mediated by MMP2 downregulation. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which COR regulates EVT cell invasiveness and highlight the potential implications of COR as a health supplement during pregnancy.

Future research should prioritize pharmacokinetic characterization, investigation of combinatorial therapeutic strategies, and pathways toward clinical translation. Intracellular exposure appears to be shaped by two complementary axes: interference with 3'end polyadenylation and ENT1/ENT2-mediated uptake with ADA-catalyzed deamination.

Although apoptosis is eventually induced in TM3 cells, protective autophagy is also activated to mitigate the cytotoxic impact of the combination treatment. This finding may provide a reference for the development of safe therapeutic regimen for Leydig cell tumors.

P2, N=127, Recruiting, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Collectively, COR inhibited MM progression by inducing ferroptosis through upregulating CLEC2. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-025-00886-5.

They enhance innate and cell-mediated adaptive immunity not only under normal conditions but also in immunosuppressed states induced by cyclophosphamide, interleukin-4, tumor culture supernatant, methotrexate, cancer cell-line-xenografts, influenza virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This study reviewed recent and notable literature evaluating the immunomodulatory potentials of CM extract, cordycepin, and polysaccharides. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial results indicate that CM is safe for administration and shows promise for developing functional foods having various efficacies such as immunomodulation, anti-tumor, and neuroprotection.

CS alleviates COPD symptoms by suppressing inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, suggesting novel therapeutic strategies.

Natural compounds (neferine, ajoene, baicalein, isoliensinine, curcumin analogs) and synthetic drugs (5-FU, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, norcantharidin, cordycepin) modulate EMT and trigger ferroptosis, cuproptosis, paraptosis, and autophagy...Simultaneous targeting of EMT, CR-CSC maintenance, and chemoresistance using multifunctional natural and synthetic agents represents a promising strategy in CRC therapy. Induction of alternative cell death pathways may improve response, minimize relapse, and enable combinatorial regimens for resistant tumors.

Recent advancements in improving cordycepin's biostability, bioavailability, and transport efficiency within the body system have further supported the clinical application of this compound in medical oncology. This review highlights key research findings and explores promising future directions with the aim of contributing to ongoing studies in cancer management.