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    CANCER:

    Colorectal Cancer

    Related cancers:
    23h
    MDM4 inhibits ferroptosis in p53 mutant colon cancer via regulating TRIM21/GPX4 expression. (PubMed, Cell Death Dis)
    Thereby, MDM4 enhances the stability of GPX4 protein, inhibiting ferroptosis, increasing the resistance of colon cancer patients to chemotherapy, and promoting colon cancer progression. These findings elucidate the ferroptosis inhibition effect of MDM4 via regulating TRIM21/GPX4 on p53-mutated colon cancer and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer therapy.
    Journal
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    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • MDM4 (The mouse double minute 4) • GPX4 (Glutathione Peroxidase 4) • TRIM21 (Tripartite Motif Containing 21)
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    TP53 mutation • GPX4 expression • MDM4 mutation
    23h
    Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum. (PubMed, Sci Rep)
    According to the molecular docking study against PDB IDs: 3KJF, 5UHF and 1ACJ, compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated their activity mode as anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal agents. The compounds exerted many interactions and showed high binding to the proteins, recognizing their potential as drug candidates with broad bioactivities.
    Journal
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    CASP3 (Caspase 3)
    1d
    Biomarker Analysis of phase II CAVE2 GOIM study of the combination of avelumab plus cetuximab as rechallenge strategy in pre-treated RAS/BRAF wild type metastatic colorectal cancer patients (AIOM 2024)
    These preliminary findings suggest that evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity together with CD107a expression in mCRC patients derived PBMC could be a useful tool to identify early responders after only 8 weeks of treatment with cetuximab plus avelumab. In addition, we aim to further investigate the potential role of CCL5 secreted by peripheral immune cells and its cut-off as a predictive biomarker of mCRC progression in a larger cohort of patients.
    Clinical • P2 data • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • Metastases
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus) • LAMP1 (Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 1)
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    BRAF wild-type • LAMP1 expression
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    FoundationOne® Liquid CDx
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    Erbitux (cetuximab) • Bavencio (avelumab)
    1d
    Genomic alterations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and response to ABBV-400 treatment in patients with advanced solid tumors (AIOM 2024)
    The ADC ABBV-400 comprises the c-Met–targeting antibody telisotuzumab conjugated to a potent topoisomerase 1 inhibitor payload. ABBV-400 showed promising preliminary efficacy, with molecular and radiographic responses in pts with advanced solid tumors with heterogeneous genomic profiles, including pts with high TMB and KRAS mutations.
    Clinical • Tumor mutational burden • Circulating tumor DNA • Metastases
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • MET (MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) • MSI (Microsatellite instability) • LRP1B (LDL Receptor Related Protein 1B) • PTPRT (Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type T)
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    KRAS mutation • TMB-H • MET overexpression • PTPRT mutation
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    GuardantINFINITY™
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    telisotuzumab adizutecan (ABBV-400) • telisotuzumab (h224G11)
    1d
    Liquid biopsy-based comprehensive genomic profiling captures tumor heterogeneity and identifies cancer vulnerabilities in patients with RAS/BRAFV600E wild type metastatic colorectal cancer in the CAPRI 2-GOIM trial (AIOM 2024)
    Materials and The phase II CAPRI 2-GOIM trial investigates the efficacy and safety of biomarkerdriven, cetuximab-based, sequence of three treatment lines in mCRC... Baseline plasma-based comprehensive genomic profiling is feasible with high concordance with tissue-based analysis. Liquid biopsy allows identification of misdiagnosed RAS/BRAF alterations and the ultra-selection of pts, which could benefit from anti-EGFR therapies. Finally, potentially actionable gene alterations were found in half of the pts.
    Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • Liquid biopsy • Metastases • Biopsy
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    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MSI (Microsatellite instability) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1) • NF1 (Neurofibromin 1) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
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    BRAF V600E • KRAS mutation • HER-2 amplification • NRAS mutation • BRAF V600 • PTEN mutation • BRAF wild-type • NF1 mutation • EGFR amplification + ERBB2 amplification
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    FoundationOne® CDx
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    Erbitux (cetuximab)
    1d
    Negative hyperselection and mechanisms of acquired resistance to first-line chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR in pMMR RAS/BRAF wild-type (wt) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients (pts): a translational analysis of the TRIPLETE trial (AIOM 2024)
    TRIPLETE is a phase III trial where 435 pts with RAS/BRAF wt – per local assessment – mCRC were randomized to receive first-line FOLFOX/ panitumumab (pan) or mFOLFOXIRI/pan... In contrast to previous data, negative hyperselection both through tissue and plasma analysis failed to demonstrate a prognostic role among pMMR RAS/BRAF wt mCRC pts treated with first-line chemotherapy plus pan. The confounding effect of the associated chemotherapy is a potential explanation for this finding. Tissue and plasma analyses at baseline failed to provide fully concordant results.
    Clinical • Preclinical • Metastases
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1)
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    BRAF V600E • MSI-H/dMMR • BRAF V600 • BRAF wild-type • RAS mutation • RAS wild-type
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    FoundationOne® CDx • Oncomine™ Pan-Cancer Cell-Free Assay • Oncomine Focus Assay
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    5-fluorouracil • Vectibix (panitumumab) • leucovorin calcium
    1d
    The presence of liver metastases does not predict resistance to immunotherapy in proficient MMR metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): a secondary analysis of the AtezoTRIBE study (AIOM 2024)
    We performed a comprehensive evaluation of liver-metastatic (LM) disease among mCRC patients enrolled in the phase II randomized AtezoTRIBE trial, that showed a modest benefit from the addition of atezolizumab (atezo) to 1st line FOLFOXIRI/bevacizumab (bev) and identified Immunoscore IC as a predictor of ICI efficacy in the proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) population... In our cohort of pMMR mCRC patients, the immune microenvironment of tumors with LM spread does not differ from that of tumors with no liver involvement. The presence or not of LM disease does not affect the efficacy of adding atezo to first-line FOLFOXIRI/bev, differently than Immunoscore IC.
    Tumor mutational burden • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker • Metastases
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    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
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    PD-L1 expression
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    DetermaIO™ • Immunoscore® IC Assay
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    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Tecentriq (atezolizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    1d
    RAS/BRAF testing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in tissue RAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) patients (pts) enrolled in the LIquid BIopsy monoclonal Antibodies (LIBImAb) Study (AIOM 2024)
    The LIBImAb Study is a phase III, randomized, openlabel, comparative, multi-center trial to assess the superiority in terms of efficacy of bevacizumab versus cetuximab in combination with FOLFIRI in mCRC pts, RAS/BRAFwt on tumor tissue and RAS/BRAF mutant (RAS/BRAFmut) at liquid biopsy... These data indicate the feasibility of cfDNA-based prospective enrolment in an interventional trial using a test with a rapid TAT for screening of RAS/ BRAF status in plasma. Our preliminary findings also suggest that ctDNA testing might better recapitulate the tumor heterogeneity of mCRC pts thus complementing tissue genomic profiling.
    Clinical • Liquid biopsy • Circulating tumor DNA • Metastases • Biopsy
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
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    KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • BRAF wild-type • RAS mutation • RAS wild-type • RAS wild-type + BRAF wild-type
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    Idylla™ ctKRAS Mutation Test
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    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    1d
    Homologous recombination (HR) and DNA damage repair (DDR) somatic alterations in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): results from the comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) trial FPG500 (AIOM 2024)
    Background : Treatment (tx) of MSS/MMRp mCRC relies mainly on oxaliplatin (oxa)- or irinotecan-based doublet chemotherapy regimens, with no biomarker reported so far, allowing the selection of one tx over the other. HR-DDRa is associated with MSI-H or TMB-H. Pts with MSS HR-DDRa tumors benefit from oxa-based first line treatment. Longer FU, allowing mature OS data, and wider cohorts are warranted.
    Tumor mutational burden • BRCA Biomarker • MSi-H Biomarker • Metastases
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    TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset) • BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset) • MSI (Microsatellite instability) • BAP1 (BRCA1 Associated Protein 1) • PALB2 (Partner and localizer of BRCA2) • ATRX (ATRX Chromatin Remodeler) • CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase 2) • FANCA (FA Complementation Group A) • BRIP1 (BRCA1 Interacting Protein C-terminal Helicase 1) • RAD50 (RAD50 Double Strand Break Repair Protein) • CHEK1 (Checkpoint kinase 1) • BARD1 (BRCA1 Associated RING Domain 1) • MRE11A (MRE11 homolog, double strand break repair nuclease) • NBN (Nibrin Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome 1 (Nibrin)) • FANCL (FA Complementation Group L) • FANCD2 (FA Complementation Group D2) • FANCE (FA Complementation Group E) • FANCC (FA Complementation Group C)
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    TMB-H • MSI-H/dMMR
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    TruSight Oncology 500 Assay
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    oxaliplatin • irinotecan
    1d
    PKMζ, a brain-specific PKCζ isoform, is required for glycolysis and myofibroblastic activation of hepatic stellate cells. (PubMed, Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol)
    Since HSCs are also a major contributor of liver fibrosis, our data highlight PKMζ and VASP as targets to inhibit metabolic reprogramming, HSC activation, liver fibrosis, and the pro-metastatic microenvironment of the liver.
    Journal
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    TGFB1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1) • SLC2A1 (Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1)
    1d
    CD248 cleaved form in human colorectal cancer stroma: implications for tumor behavior and prognosis. (PubMed, Lab Invest)
    In a multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio of CD248-low tumors versus CD248-high tumors was 1.93 (95% confidence interval: 1.09 - 3.40; p=0.02). Our findings suggest that CD248 stromal expression may influence the TME, impacting tumor behavior and prognosis, and can serve as a promising prognostic biomarker in CRC.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker • Stroma
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    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CD163 (CD163 Molecule) • FOXP3 (Forkhead Box P3)
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    PD-L1 expression • CD8 positive
    1d
    Discovery of novel phenyl urea SHP2 inhibitors with anti-colon cancer and potential immunomodulatory effects. (PubMed, Eur J Med Chem)
    Currently, no SHP2 inhibitors have been approved for clinical use, and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells exhibited frequent resistance to reported SHP2 inhibitors, such as SHP099 and TNO155. A8 significantly suppressed in vivo tumor growth in a CT26 mouse model and activated immunomodulatory effects in tumor microenvironment. Our work demonstrated that A8 has the potential to be a lead compound for the further development of SHP2 inhibitor and the treatment of CRC.
    Journal • Immunomodulating
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    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
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    SHP099 • batoprotafib (TNO155)
    1d
    Quinoline- and coumarin-based ligands and their rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes: synthesis, spectral characterization and antiproliferative activity on T-cell lymphoma. (PubMed, J Inorg Biochem)
    These rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes also slightly increased ROS production and significantly decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential by 50 % (5eRe) and 45 % (6dRe) compared to untreated cells and cells treated with 5e and 6d. These results suggest that the cytotoxic effects of these compounds are mediated by their effects on mitochondrial membrane potential and the subsequent increase in ROS production.
    Journal
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    GLI2 (GLI Family Zinc Finger 2)
    1d
    Discovery of Novel 5-Cyano-3-phenylindole-Based LSD1/HDAC Dual Inhibitors for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. (PubMed, J Med Chem)
    Compound 20c effectively modulated the expression of biomarkers associated with LSD1 and HDAC inhibition and demonstrated superior antiproliferative activity compared to SAHA and 4SC-202 across multiple colorectal cancer cell lines...It demonstrated significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy compared to SAHA, without causing observable toxicity. These findings highlight the potential of LSD1/HDAC dual inhibitors for the treatment of malignant cancers.
    Journal
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    HDAC1 (Histone Deacetylase 1)
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    Zolinza (vorinostat) • domatinostat (4SC-202)
    1d
    KRAS inhibitors may prevent colorectal cancer metachronous metastasis by suppressing TGF‑β mediated epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. (PubMed, Mol Med Rep)
    Notably, addition of TGF‑β1 protein partially reversed the inhibitory effects of KRAS inhibitors on CRC. These results suggested that KRAS inhibitors may prevent CRC metachronous metastasis by downregulating TGF‑β‑mediated EMT, suggesting they can be used prophylactically in high‑risk KRAS‑mutant CRC.
    Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • TGFB1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1)
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    KRAS mutation
    1d
    METTL3‑mediated N6‑methyladenosine modification of MMP9 mRNA promotes colorectal cancer proliferation and migration. (PubMed, Oncol Rep)
    Mechanistically, it was revealed that the m6A modification of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) mRNA mediated by METTL3 promoted its expression in CRC by decreasing its degradation. Collectively, the findings of the present study suggested that the METTL3/MMP9 axis could serve as a novel promising therapeutic candidate for CRC.
    Journal
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    MMP9 (Matrix metallopeptidase 9) • METTL3 (Methyltransferase Like 3)
    1d
    SPOP-mediated RIPK3 destabilization desensitizes LPS/sMAC/zVAD-induced necroptotic cell death. (PubMed, Cell Mol Life Sci)
    The deletion of SPOP, which led to increased stability of the RIPK3 protein, intensified LPS/sMAC/zVAD-induced necroptotic cell death in colon cancer cells. These findings underscore the critical role of the SPOP-mediated RIPK3 stability regulation pathway in controlling necroptotic cell death.
    Journal
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    SPOP (Speckle Type BTB/POZ Protein) • RIPK1 (Receptor Interacting Serine/Threonine Kinase 1)
    1d
    Development of an optimized protocol for generating knockout cancer cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, with emphasis on transient transfection. (PubMed, PLoS One)
    Our method, optimized for a wide spectrum of cancer cell lines, makes CRISPR more accessible for applications in personalized and precision medicine. It expands opportunities for novel investigations into cancer mechanisms and paves the way for potential therapeutic interventions.
    Preclinical • Journal
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    EPCAM (Epithelial cell adhesion molecule)
    1d
    Discovery of highly potent and ALK2/ALK1 selective kinase inhibitors using DNA-encoded chemistry technology. (PubMed, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A)
    In cell-based studies, ALK2 inhibitors effectively attenuated activin A and BMP-induced Phosphorylated SMAD1/5 activation in fibroblasts from individuals with FOP in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, CDD-2789 is a valuable tool compound for further investigation of the biological functions of ALK2 and ALK1 and the therapeutic potential of specific inhibition of ALK2.
    Journal
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    SMAD4 (SMAD family member 4) • ALK1 (Activin A Receptor Like Type 1) • ACVR1 (Activin A Receptor Type 1) • ACVRL1 (Activin A Receptor Like Type 1)
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    ACVR1 R206H
    1d
    Colorectal fibroblasts promote malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer cells by activating the ERK signaling pathway (PubMed, Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao)
    Colorectal fibroblasts promote malignant phenotype of CRC cells by activating the ERK signaling pathway.
    Journal
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    ITGB2 (Integrin Subunit Beta 2)
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    SCH772984
    1d
    Adhesin RadD: the secret weapon of Fusobacterium nucleatum. (PubMed, Gut Microbes)
    Targeting the interaction between RadD and CD147 will provide a new strategy for CRC treatment. This Commentary and View not only summarizes the research highlights but also discusses the possibility of targeted clearance of Fusobacterium nucleatum in clinical applications.
    Journal
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    BSG (Basigin (Ok Blood Group))
    1d
    Colon Cancer-Derived Exosomal LncRNA-XIST Promotes M2-like Macrophage Polarization by Regulating PDGFRA. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
    Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed the binding relationship between lncXIST and miR-17-5p, as well as miR-17-5p and PDGFRA. Collectively, our results highlight the novel role of lncXIST in facilitating macrophage polarization by sponging miR-17-5p and regulating PDGFRA expression.
    Journal
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    PDGFRA (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha) • MIR17 (MicroRNA 17) • XIST (X Inactive Specific Transcript)
    1d
    Primary vulvar and vaginal adenocarcinomas of intestinal-type are closer to colorectal adenocarcinomas than to carcinomas of Müllerian origin. (PubMed, Mod Pathol)
    Our results indicate that adenocarcinomas of intestinal-type, in distal vagina or vestibular vulva, might be a unique and single entity, probably originating from cloacogenic embryonic remnants and/or ectopic colorectal mucosae inclusions. An open question would be to explore the efficacy of systemic drugs prescribed in colorectal cancers, in VVAIts.
    Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • PGR (Progesterone receptor) • SOX17 (SRY-Box Transcription Factor 17) • CDX2 (Caudal Type Homeobox 2) • PAX8 (Paired box 8) • SATB2 (SATB Homeobox 2)
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    TP53 mutation • CDX-2 expression
    1d
    Knockdown proteomics reveals USP7 as a regulator of cell-cell adhesion in colorectal cancer via AJUBA. (PubMed, Mol Cell Proteomics)
    We show that both knockdown of USP7 or Ajuba results in a substantial reduction of cell-cell adhesion, with concomitant effects on other proteins associated with adherens junctions. Our findings underlie the role of USP7 in colorectal cancer through its protein interaction networks and show that the Ajuba protein is a component of USP7 protein networks present in colorectal cancer.
    Journal
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    AJUBA (Ajuba LIM Protein) • PDLIM4 (PDZ and LIM domain 4) • USP7 (Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 7)
    1d
    Expression of individual members of the TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway in the progression and survival of patients with colorectal carcinoma. (PubMed, Sci Rep)
    Regarding TGF-β1 expression, the patient´s survival assessment determined no significant difference between patients with high or low tissue TGF-β1 expression. A personalized approach and consideration of a wide range of factors are important when using these markers in treatment assessment.
    Journal
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    SMAD4 (SMAD family member 4) • TGFB1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1)
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    SMAD4 expression
    1d
    KRAS mutations promote the intratumoral colonization of enterotoxigenic bacteroides fragilis in colorectal cancer through the regulation of the miRNA3655/SURF6/IRF7/IFNβ axis. (PubMed, Gut Microbes)
    These data indicate that KRAS mutations affect the intratumoral colonization of ETBF in CRC through the miR3655/SURF6/IRF7/IFNβ axis. This provides new potential strategies for treating CRC associated with KRAS mutations or high levels of ETBF.
    Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • IFNB1 (Interferon Beta 1) • IRF7 (Interferon Regulatory Factor 7)
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    KRAS mutation
    1d
    Balanced regulation of ROS production and inflammasome activation in preventing early development of colorectal cancer. (PubMed, Immunol Rev)
    We discuss the evidence demonstrating NCF4's crucial role in facilitating cell-cell contact between immune cells and intestinal cells, and mediating the paracrine effects of inflammatory cytokines and ROS. This coordination of the signaling network helps create a robust immune microenvironment that effectively prevents epithelial cell mutagenesis and tumorigenesis during the early stage of colitis-associated CRC.
    Review • Journal
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    IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • IL18 (Interleukin 18) • NCF4 (Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor 4)
    1d
    Biomimetic Nano-delivery of Small-Molecule Piceatannol Modulates Tumor Stemness and Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Metastasis via Hippo/YAP1/SOX9 Signaling. (PubMed, Small)
    This system used carboxymethyl dextran (CMD) and Black Hole Quencher 3 (BHQ3) to encapsulate PTL and the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin (DOX) within a red blood cell membrane (RBCm), enhancing stability and biocompatibility while allowing gradual drug release under hypoxic conditions...This inhibitory effect is closely associated with the Hippo/YAP1/SOX9 pathway. This study highlights the effectiveness of the pH-responsive biomimetic nanoparticle system CMD-BHQ3-PTL/DOX@RBCm in delivering PTL to tumor sites, with SOX9 and its upstream Hippo/YAP1 pathway playing a critical role in the underlying mechanism.
    Journal
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    YAP1 (Yes associated protein 1) • SOX9 (SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9)
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    doxorubicin hydrochloride
    1d
    AMIGO2 characterizes cancer-associated fibroblasts in metastatic colon cancer and induces the release of paracrine active tumorigenic secretomes. (PubMed, J Pathol)
    © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland
    Journal • Metastases
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    AMIGO2 (Adhesion Molecule With Ig Like Domain 2)
    1d
    Clinicopathologic features and treatment efficacy of patients with BRAF V600E-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer: a multi-center real-world propensity score matching study. (PubMed, BMC Cancer)
    The overall prognosis of BRAF V600E mutant mCRC patients is poor. Poor differentiation and liver metastases were negative independent prognostic factors for OS. First-line triplet-drug therapy was associated with better OS, especially in patients with good physical condition and high tumor burden.
    Journal • Real-world evidence • Real-world • Metastases
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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    BRAF V600E • BRAF V600
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    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    2d
    Long non-coding RNA AC105118.1 affects glycolysis to facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer cells by modulating the miR-378a-3p/KIF26B axis. (PubMed, Int J Biochem Cell Biol)
    AC105118.1 facilitates glycolysis and increases CRC cells' resistance to oxaliplatin by targeting the miR-378a-3p/KIF26B axis. The present work shed new insights into the function and mechanism of AC105118.1 in molecular function and suggested that the AC105118.1/miR-378a-3p/KIF26B axis is a promising target for intervening CRC oxaliplatin resistance.
    Journal
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    LDHA (Lactate dehydrogenase A) • MIR378A (MicroRNA 378a) • SLC2A1 (Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1) • KIF26B (Kinesin Family Member 26B)
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    oxaliplatin
    2d
    Palmatine attenuates MYH9 mediated nuclear localization of AURKA to induce G2/M phase arrest in colorectal cancer cells. (PubMed, Int Immunopharmacol)
    Taken together, our study revealed that MYH9 as an auxiliary protein for the nuclear localization of AURKA and elucidated the mechanism that PAL reduced nuclear AURKA through inhibiting the interaction of AURKA and MYH9 to induce G2/M phase arrest in CRC cells. Therefore, this study may provide a theoretical basis of PAL for the treatment of CRC.
    Journal
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    AURKA (Aurora kinase A) • MYH9 (Myosin Heavy Chain 9)
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    AURKA overexpression
    2d
    TRIM47 drives gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion by regulating CYLD protein stability. (PubMed, Biol Direct)
    Moreover, TRIM47 promotes K48-linked ubiquitination, leading to the degradation of CYLD by the proteasome, thereby activating the NF-κB pathway and regulating the biological behavior of gastric cancer cells. Taken together, our study demonstrated that TRIM47 is involved in the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer through the CYLD/NF-κB pathway.
    Journal
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    TRIM47 (Tripartite Motif Containing 47)
    2d
    Total neoadjuvant therapy involving checkpoint inhibitors in locally advanced MSI/dMMR rectal cancer - a case report. (PubMed, Klin Onkol)
    This case highlights the importance of molecular testing in rectal cancer, which should be performed in all advanced cases requiring more intensive oncologic therapy than surgery alone. MSI/dMMR status indicates the need for a specific approach that may significantly improve the outcomes of these patients.
    Journal • Checkpoint inhibition • Metastases
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    MSI (Microsatellite instability)
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    MSI-H/dMMR
    2d
    More subtle microsatellite instability better predicts fluorouracil insensitivity in colorectal cancer patients. (PubMed, Sci Rep)
    In Type A MSI+ tumours, the patient response to fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin was significantly poor (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.021)...Type A MSI was an independent predictor of patient prognosis in this pilot cohort (Cox regression analysis, p = 0.003). Thus, more subtle Type A MSI better predicts fluoropyrimidine insensitivity in colorectal cancer patients, which may shed light on a hitherto overlooked connection between the MSI phenotypes and drug resistance in human cancer.
    Journal • Microsatellite instability • MSi-H Biomarker
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    MSI (Microsatellite instability)
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    MSI-H/dMMR
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    5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • leucovorin calcium
    2d
    The guidelines for clinical practice for carriers of germline mutations in the Lynch syndrome predisposition genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and large deletions of EPCAM (4.2024). (PubMed, Klin Onkol)
    The drafting of the guidelines was organized by the Oncogenetics Working Group of the Society for Medical Genetics and Genomics of J. E. Purkyně Czech Medical Society, in cooperation with representatives of oncology, oncogynecology, and gastroenterology. The guidelines are based on the current recommendations of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) and take into account the capacity of the Czech healthcare system.
    Clinical guideline • Journal
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    MLH1 (MutL homolog 1) • MSH6 (MutS homolog 6) • MSH2 (MutS Homolog 2) • PMS2 (PMS1 protein homolog 2) • EPCAM (Epithelial cell adhesion molecule)
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    MSH2 mutation • PMS2 mutation • MSH6 deletion
    2d
    Effect of Bacillus clausii in attenuating symptoms of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by modulating NFkB pathway and oxidative stress in mice. (PubMed, Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol)
    Bacillus clausii was administered to mice as a pre-treatment, post-treatment and adjunct treatment with sulfasalazine for 14 days...Additionally, mice that received B. clausii showed a significant increase in anti-oxidant levels and improved haematological markers. In conclusion, it must be emphasized that B. clausii possesses the potential to alleviate the symptoms of UC.
    Preclinical • Journal
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    TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • NFKB1 (Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta)
    2d
    KRASG12D-Mutated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Clinical, Molecular, Immunologic, and Prognostic Features of a New Emerging Targeted Alteration. (PubMed, JCO Precis Oncol)
    A detail estimation of KRASG12D mut mCRC patients' characteristics and expected outcomes may be useful when planning future studies in this subgroup. The high prevalence of PI3K/PTEN/Akt pathway activating alterations may affect the efficacy of targeted strategies.
    Journal • Metastases
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS mutation • NRAS mutation • PIK3CA mutation • BRAF V600 • KRAS G12D • RAS mutation • KRAS G12
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    2d
    HLA class II neoantigen presentation for CD4+ T cell surveillance in HLA class II-negative colorectal cancer. (PubMed, Oncoimmunology)
    These results demonstrate the presence of neoantigen-specific CD4+ surveillance in HLA-II-negative CRC and suggest a potential role for macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) at the invasive margin and in TLS for antigen presentation. Stromal APCs in the TME can potentially be used as a source for HLA-II neoantigen identification.
    Journal
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    IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule) • IL2 (Interleukin 2)
    2d
    Demethylzeylasteral induces PD-L1 ubiquitin-proteasome degradation and promotes antitumor immunity via targeting USP22. (PubMed, Acta Pharm Sin B)
    Moreover, we also found that the combination of Dem and CTLA4 antibodies can further improve the efficacy of antitumor therapy. Our study reveals the mechanism by which Dem promotes PD-L1 degradation and suggests that the combination of Dem and CTLA4 antibodies may improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • USP22 (Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 22)
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    PD-L1 expression
    2d
    Gochujang suppresses cell survival and changes reactive oxygen species metabolism in colorectal cancer cells. (PubMed, Food Nutr Res)
    Furthermore, GE strongly reduced the expression of major antioxidant enzymes and increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in CRC cells, causing an imbalance of ROS metabolism. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Gochujang exerts anticancer effects in CRC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, increasing cell death, and interrupting ROS metabolism.
    Journal • PARP Biomarker • IO biomarker
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    BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • BCL2L1 (BCL2-like 1) • PARP1 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1) • CDKN1A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A)
    |
    BCL2 expression
    2d
    Expression Profiles of Integrin-Linked Kinase, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, and Ephrin Type-A Receptor 2 in Colorectal Cancer Lymph Nodes. (PubMed, Cureus)
    Additionally, the group with low VEGFA expression was statistically significantly higher (p=0.01) compared to the negative control. Conclusion The expression levels of EphA2, ILK, and VEGFA were found to be higher in LNs with lymphatic invasion compared to those with negative expression, highlighting the role of these proteins in CRC progression.
    Journal
    |
    VEGFA (Vascular endothelial growth factor A) • EPHA2 (EPH receptor A2)
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    VEGFA expression • VEGFA-L