Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

The patient underwent surgical resection but died after the operation from fecal peritonitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report in which the CCDC6::CASP7 gene rearrangement has been described in an advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma patient.

Molecular docking identified potential protein targets, related to the CEO anticancer activity, in the form of PI3Kα, where the highest active theoretical inhibitor was calamenene (-7.5 kcal/mol). Docking results also showed that calamenene was the overall most active theoretical inhibitor for all docked proteins and indicated a potential presence of synergistic effects among all CEO constituents.

The comprehensive list of CEA-positive human tumor types demonstrates that CEA is expressed in a broad range of epithelial neoplasms, many of which might benefit from CEA serum monitoring and anti-CEA therapies.

ADCY5 localized to stromal regions in both the ST and protein immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, both these significant genes are expressed in tissues other than the tumor itself, highlighting the complex interplay between the tumor and microenvironment, and that druggable targets may be found in the ability to modify how "normal" tissue interacts with tumors.

Elevated baseline lactate dehydrogenase was linked to shorter PFS. SHR-1701 combined with XELOX and bevacizumab demonstrated a manageable safety profile and potent antitumor activity in unresectable mCRC.

P2, N=80, Active, not recruiting, AIO-Studien-gGmbH | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Nov 2026 --> Apr 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2026 --> Apr 2027

P1/2, N=85, Recruiting, Minia University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Triplet induction chemotherapy is a treatment of choice in selected patients with SMRC, allowing to adapt the therapeutic strategy to the response and invasiveness of the various sites.

CD47 represents a promising prognostic biomarker and a potential target for immunotherapy in COAD. These findings provide new insights into therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the TME and improving patient outcomes.

Based on RNA correlation analysis, 1, 23, and 2 potential ceRNA regulatory axes were identified in STAD (PVT1/miR-490-3p/HMGA2), LIHC (DLX6-AS1/miR-139-5p/TOP2A, etc.), and COAD (STRCP1 & LINC00488/miR-142-3p/GAB1), respectively. This study advances the understanding of ceRNA networks in digestive cancers, highlighting RNA biomarkers with potential as therapeutic targets for personalized treatment strategies.

P2, N=73, Not yet recruiting, UNICANCER | Initiation date: Oct 2024 --> Jan 2025

Patients in the low CD8S group were more sensitive to chemotherapy, targeted drugs, and immunotherapy due to higher genetic variants. To better understand the biological characteristics and prognostic significance of CD8+ T cells in immunotherapy for COAD, we thoroughly examined the molecular properties of CD8+ T cells in COAD and developed a CD8+ T-cell model.

P1, N=321, Recruiting, Inhibrx Biosciences, Inc | N=240 --> 321 | Trial completion date: Jul 2026 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2026

Our study revealed a novel role for MYLIP-mediated NKRF ubiquitination and degradation in the induction of SLC25A34 transcription, which may act as a therapeutic target for CRC.

While the MMRd/MSI carcinoma was recognized early and showed complete pathologic response after pembrolizumab treatment, the MMRp/MSS adenocarcinoma was underrecognized and poorly responsive to treatment. A second patient, with a pathogenic PMS2 variant, also developed a MMRp CRC. These cases highlight the complex biological pathways in CRC development and the impact of molecular classification on treatment.

All mAB-treated patients with malignancies developed polyfunctional immunity humoral and T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 even in the setting of B-cell deficiency. The evolution of this immunity, including new variant-specific antibodies, without secondary illnesses suggests that patients were protected from symptomatic re-infection, and mAB therapy did not blunt the development of host immunity. Future studies are warranted to better characterize immunologic memory over time with exposures to new viral variants, evaluate prolonged viral shedding and the continued use of appropriate mAB for infection in high-risk patients.

P1/2, N=85, Not yet recruiting, Minia University

ST8Sia1 interacts with TGF-β1, mediating its inhibitory effects on READ development. ST8Sia1 is a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for READ, enhancing CD8+ T cell function and possibly improving patient outcomes through cellular immunotherapy.

AFPCRA was rare and may be associated with aggressive behaviour and poor prognosis. These preliminary findings in this single-centre study remain to be validated by future studies with larger samples.

Increased expression of REG1A, MMP3, FOXQ1 and CEMIP genes and decreased expression of AQP8, CA1, CLDN8, PYY, CA4, CEACAM7 and SLC30A10 genes were observed. This approach revealed a CRC-specific molecular profile and may provide some guidance for further investigation of potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of CRC patients.

P=N/A, N=48, Completed, University of California, San Francisco | Recruiting --> Completed

P2, N=73, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025

P1/2, N=36, Active, not recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025

P=N/A, N=144, Recruiting, University Hospital, Limoges | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P3, N=114, Completed, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=185 --> 114

The AEAM leaves grown in Sri Lanka has significantly higher antioxidant activity as well as selective cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 and DLD-1 cancer cells compared to its PL and P counterparts. Further, the AEAM leaves induced mRNA expression of the anticancer genes p21, Bax and caspase-7, indicating its potential to be developed into an anticancer drug against breast and colorectal cancer.

P2, N=100, Recruiting, Daping Hospital and the Research Institute of Surgery of the Third Military Medical University

P=N/A, N=500, Completed, St. Borbala Hospital | Suspended --> Completed

The results obtained from qPCR also showed that the Caspase 9 and BAX genes were upregulated, and the BCL-2 expression level was reduced in cells treated with cro-CFS compared to the CFS group. Overall, these findings suggest that crocin may alter the composition of CFS from probiotics that are present in the gut, potentially impacting their ability to combat cancer.

We determined that microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancers had an increased risk of recurrence if they had the following features: 1) a low level of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and 2) low interactions between CD4+ T cells and stromal cells. Our results point to the utility of spatial single-cell interaction analysis in defining novel features of the tumor immune microenvironments and providing useful clinical cell-related spatial biomarkers.

The functionalized silk-based plastics also displayed microwave stability and antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. These silk-based sustainable plastics, functionalized with curcumin, offer potential utility for a range of consumer and medical devices.

P=N/A, N=216, Recruiting, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Apr 2027

P1/2, N=4, Completed, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=74 --> 4

P=N/A, N=192, Completed, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jun 2025 --> Nov 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 --> Nov 2024

P1/2, N=82, Active, not recruiting, K-Group, Beta, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Zentalis Pharmaceuticals, Inc | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

P2/3, N=358, Active, not recruiting, Koen Rovers | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Oct 2024

Significant transcriptional differences exist in CC between Black and white patients changing dynamically across disease stages, and involving genes with broad functions. Key findings include IL-17 pathway downregulation in Black patients with localized disease and a five-gene signature consistent across all stages. These findings may explain aspects of racial disparities in CC, emphasizing the need for race-specific research and treatment strategies.

This study provides a new perspective for understanding the characteristics of the hepatic TME in patients with liver metastatic cancer. And it provides a subset of macrophages specifically associated with the liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer, and its detection and intervention have potential value for preventing the metastasis of pancreatic cancer to the liver.

To the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies have explored the applications of GCg in cancers, particularly colorectal ones. Further studies are needed to explore the antimetastatic effects and potential clinical applications of GCg in colorectal cancer treatment.

P=N/A, N=60, Completed, The First Hospital of Jilin University | Not yet recruiting --> Completed | N=30 --> 60 | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> May 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2023 --> May 2024

By implementing these suggestions, the study could be significantly enhanced, offering deeper insights into COAD's molecular mechanisms and more precise therapeutic strategies. Our commentary aims to enrich the genomic findings and contribute to the advancement of COAD research.

Targeting METTL3 augments tumour cell immunogenicity and sustains T-cell function. T cell with METTL3 inhibition can reverse T-cell exhaustion, and promote expression of IFNγ and GzmB, thereby enhancing cytotoxicity in anti-PD-1 therapy. YTHDF2 deletion in tumours prolong the lifespan of MHC-I mRNAs.