Cervarix (recombinant human papillomavirus bivalent vaccine)

P1, N=25, Active, not recruiting, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Oct 2023 --> Feb 2025

P4, N=6051, Completed, GlaxoSmithKline | N=3537 --> 6051

In this work, we explored the innate immune responses and trained immunity caused by two HPV vaccines, Cervarix and Gardasil. Moreover, Gardasil injection into mice resulted in enhanced TNF-α production in sera following secondary TLR stimulation. Our findings suggest that HPV vaccinations have the ability to induce trained immunity that modulate TLR ligand responses.

Adjuvant HPV vaccination in the setting of surgical treatment for cervical precancerous lesion is significantly associated with a reduced risk of recurrence. HPV vaccination should be strongly considered as adjuvant therapy, especially in young patients undergoing conisation for a severe cervical lesion.

This study evaluated the health and economic impact of the current HPV vaccine (GARDASIL hereafter referred to as GARDASIL-4) and two other vaccines (CECOLIN and CERVARIX) that could be used in the future. At a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold set at 35% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, HPV vaccination is cost-effective in Mozambique. The optimal vaccine choice depends on cross-protection assumptions.

HPV vaccination for girls is highly cost-effective in Kenya. Compared to GARDASIL-4, alternative products could provide similar or greater health benefits at lower net costs. Substantial government funding will be required to reach and sustain coverage targets as Kenya graduates from Gavi support. A single dose strategy is likely to have similar benefits for less cost.

To date, eleven BEVS-derived products have been approved for use, including four human vaccines [Cervarix against cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), Flublok and Flublok Quadrivalent against seasonal influenza, Nuvaxovid/Covovax against COVID-19], two human therapeutics [Provenge against prostate cancer and Glybera against hereditary lipoprotein lipase deficiency (LPLD)] and five veterinary vaccines (Porcilis Pesti, BAYOVAC CSF E2, Circumvent PCV, Ingelvac CircoFLEX and Porcilis PCV). As the demand for biotechnology increases, there has been a concomitant effort into optimizing yield, stability and protein glycosylation through genetic engineering and the manipulation of baculovirus vector and host cells. In this review, we summarize the strategies and technological advances of BEVS in recent years and explore how this will be used to inform the further development and application of this system.

Vaginal microbiome is not altered following administration of the standard three-dose HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted (Cervarix®) vaccine.

Three prophylactic vaccines (Cervarix, Gardasil, and Gardasil-9) were approved to provide immuno-protection against certain types of HPVs. Our data showed that two designed vaccine constructs harboring 8 L1 peptides or 7 L2 peptides, individually were highly conserved between all well-known HPV types. In addition, the combination of in silico/in vivo approaches indicated the potential ability of L1 and L2 polyepitope constructs for development of next generation prophylactic/therapeutic HPV vaccine.