celecoxib oral

P1/2, N=80, Not yet recruiting, Tanta University

P2, N=270, Recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University | N=150 --> 270

CDS should be considered in cases of acute pain in the neck or occipital regions. Moreover, prompt computed tomography of the cervical vertebrae may guide early diagnosis and avoid unnecessary invasive procedures or administration of antibiotics.

This study underscored COX-2 as a critical regulator of inflammatory microenvironment and cancer progression in ESCA, supporting its potential as both a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. The use of COX-2 inhibitors, such as celecoxib, holds promise for improving patient outcomes in ESCA and other COX-2-associated cancers.

The TNF-α inhibitor Etanercept significantly improves cerebral hemodynamics and cerebrovascular reserve function in elderly RA patients, potentially by suppressing systemic inflammation and improving vascular endothelial function.

Notable, compound 6g exhibited better inhibitory potency against IL-6 expression compared to the anti-inflammatory drugs dexamethasone and Celecoxib. These findings strongly support the potential of compound 6g as a promising therapeutic candidate for mitigating secondary inflammation in SCI.

P2, N=21, Suspended, New York State Psychiatric Institute | Trial completion date: Aug 2025 --> Aug 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2025 --> Aug 2026

These results demonstrate encouraging long-term survival outcomes, and suggest ongoing evaluation of a therapeutic neoadjuvant toripalimab strategy, with or without celecoxib, for mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high localized colorectal cancer patients. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Clinical Discipline of China, the Program of Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Digestive Diseases, and the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology-Junshi Biosciences Oncology Immunity Research Fund.

Compound 17 exhibited exceptional anticancer activity with IC₅₀ values of 4.93, 2.34, 6.07, and 3.35 μM against HeLa, HepG2, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively, surpassing doxorubicin (DOX) against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 4.50 μΜ)...Multi-target enzyme inhibition assays revealed that compound 17 exhibited potent EGFR inhibition (IC₅₀ = 0.0085 μM), comparable to erlotinib (IC₅₀ = 0.0078 μM), strong VEGFR-2 inhibition (IC₅₀ = 0.068 μM), approaching sorafenib's activity (IC₅₀ = 0.056 μM), and significant COX-2 inhibition (IC₅₀ = 0.158 μM), comparable to Celecoxib (IC₅₀ = 0.044 μM)...Molecular docking and dynamics simulations provided structural insights into the multi-target binding modes. These findings establish quinazoline-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as promising multi-target anticancer agents, with compound 17 demonstrating exceptional therapeutic potential through the simultaneous inhibition of tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation pathways while maintaining favorable selectivity profiles.

P4, N=278, Not yet recruiting, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; West China Hospital of Sichuan University

In vitro COX-2 inhibition assays revealed eight hybrids with nanomolar potency (IC50 = 50-90 nM), comparable to celecoxib, with compounds 5h and 5j exhibiting comparable selectivity indices to celecoxib. For VEGFR-2 inhibition, compound 5f surpassed sunitinib (IC50 = 64 vs. 92 nM), while 5j retained ∼75 % of its activity...In vivo, 5j significantly reduced tumor growth in an MDA-MB-231 xenograft model, comparable to 5-FU. Docking simulations confirmed favorable interactions with COX-2, VEGFR-2, and hCA IX, supporting the observed biological activities.

Combination studies revealed synergistic effects with chemotherapeutics (celecoxib, apatinib), radiotherapy, and nutraceuticals (curcumin, resveratrol, and cannabinoids), significantly enhancing therapeutic efficacy and overcoming drug resistance. Collectively, mechanistic insights, pharmacologic evaluations, and combinational strategies establish piperine as a promising multifunctional agent for CRC prevention and therapy. Nonetheless, standardized preclinical methodologies, detailed pharmacokinetic profiling, and well-structured early-phase clinical trials are critical to validate its translational potential and facilitate its integration into colorectal cancer management.