CDKN2A deletion

This CDKN2A-related ceRNA network provides innovative insights into the molecular mechanism of HCC formation and progression. Moreover, GAS5 might be a significant prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.

CDKN2A homozygous deletions were confirmed in all 5 tested cases by sequencing, whereas MTAP deletions were detected in only 2 cases. In conclusion, p16 expression loss and CDKN2A deletions can be frequently seen in invasive/metastatic cases of EMPD.

Our study shows enrichment of high-risk genetic variants in H/L B-ALL and raises consideration for novel therapeutic targets.

Our findings demonstrated that Mexican patients with B-ALL have a higher prevalence of genetic markers associated with poor outcomes. Incorporating genomic methodologies into the diagnostic process, a significant unmet need in low- and mid-income countries, will allow a comprehensive identification of relevant alterations, improving disease classification, treatment selection, and the general outcome.

Thus, we recommend performing p16 on all uterine IMTs, which, combined with the risk stratification score, is a promising and cost-effective tool for predicting CDKN2A status and outcome in these patients. It may be particularly useful for tumors with incomplete information for risk stratification (ie, morcellated tumors) and for further stratifying intermediate-risk IMTs when sequencing is unavailable.

The lung, bone, liver and cervical lymph nodes are the most common sites of extracranial metastasis. According to the World Health Organization criteria, the most important predictive factor for recurrence and metastasis is the tumor grade.

P2, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Nationwide Children's Hospital | Trial completion date: Jan 2034 --> May 2034 | Initiation date: Jan 2024 --> May 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2028 --> May 2028

No abstract available

Reference material includes peer-reviewed publications and textbooks. There was consensus opinion regarding guidelines for (1) histomorphologic diagnosis of mesothelial tumors, including distinction of epithelioid, biphasic, and sarcomatoid mesothelioma; recognition of morphologic variants and patterns; and recognition of common morphologic pitfalls; (2) molecular pathogenesis of mesothelioma; (3) application of immunohistochemical markers to establish mesothelial lineage and distinguish mesothelioma from common morphologic differentials; (4) application of ancillary studies to distinguish benign from malignant mesothelial proliferations, including BAP1 and MTAP immunostains; novel immunomarkers such as Merlin and p53; fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for homozygous deletion of CDKN2A; and novel molecular assays; (5) practical recommendations for routine reporting of mesothelioma, including grading epithelioid mesothelioma and other prognostic parameters; (6) diagnosis of mesothelioma in situ; (7) cytologic diagnosis of mesothelioma, including use of immunostains and molecular assays; and (8) features of nonmalignant peritoneal mesothelial lesions.

P2, N=37, Suspended, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: May 2024 --> May 2025 | Trial primary completion date: May 2024 --> May 2025

Our study revealed that the loss of MTAP expression correlates with poor prognosis and an elevated T/N ratio of 11C-methionine uptake in astrocytoma, IDH-mutant.

Significantly, these discoveries have driven the initiation of a phase I/II clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05235074). This trial is designed to explore the potential of OH2 as a therapeutic option for patients with recurrent central nervous system tumors following surgical intervention.

P1, N=48, Active, not recruiting, Nader Sanai | Trial completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025

Our data strongly support investigation of the chemotherapy-free palbociclib and venetoclax combination as an innovative treatment strategy for post-ibrutinib MCL patients without RB1 deletion.

The diagnosis of mesothelioma can be reliably made on SFC with the appropriate cytomorphology criteria and/or confirmatory ancillary testing.

Patients with CDKN2A deletions (n = 7) or TP53 mutations (n = 4) had substantially lower 3-year event-free survival &lsqb;28.6% vs. 90.5%, P < 0.001; 25.0% vs. 89.5%, P < 0.001] than those without these mutations. These findings considerably change the mutational landscape of ML-DS, provide new insights into the mechanisms of progression from TAM to ML-DS, and help identify new therapeutic targets and strategies for ML-DS.

Oligosarcoma is a prognostically unfavorable CNS neoplasm with characteristic imaging and pathologic features, and a strong association with previously resected oligodendroglioma. Aggressive treatment is recommended, including gross total resection and adjuvant chemoradiation. Further study is required to define optimal treatment protocol for this CNS malignancy.

Integration of IKZF1plus and positive Day 15 MRD identified a subgroup of Philadelphia-negative B-ALL with a 50% risk of relapse. This study highlights the importance of assessing IKZF1plus alongside Day 15 MRD positivity to identify patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes, potentially minimizing overtreatment.

Overall, the present study demonstrates the frequencies of transcriptomic and genetic alterations from Indian cohort of pediatric T-ALL and is a salient addition to current genomics data sets available in T-ALL.

Analysis of sequential tumor samples in two cases harboring an unfavorable clinical course pointed to the acquisition of 2p amplification in the earliest common progenitor underlining its pivotal role in malignant transformation. By performing genome-wide copy number profiling on the largest patient cohort to date, we identified distinctive CNA alterations conceivably facilitating the differential diagnosis of PCFCL and secondary cutaneous involvement of nFL, and potentially aiding the risk stratification of patients with PCFCL in the future.

The results indicated that CDKN2A SCNVs are associated with the prognosis of ESCdys and may serve as potential biomarkers for risk stratification.

In LUAD, metastatic specimens exhibit increased chromosomal instability in relation to their matched primaries. This translates into unique copy number alterations detected only in the metastasis. By contrast, driver mutations - which account for most of the clinically targetable alterations with currently approved FDA drugs - are more often shared between paired samples from the same patient.

Ktrans can serve as valuable predictive parameters for identifying CDKN2A/B HD status in all types of gliomas and both subtypes of IDH-mutant and IDH-wild gliomas. These findings provide a foundation for precise preoperative non-invasive diagnosis and personalized treatment approaches for glioma patients.

Adult eGBM carried a dismal prognosis compared to GBM with IDH and H3 wild-type (typical GBM) (OS: 13.89 vs 24.30 months; P = .003) and even typical GBM without MGMT promoter methylation (OS: 13.89 vs 22.08 months; P = .036). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that adult eGBM harbors a high frequency of the 7+/10- signature and alterations in the MAPK pathway, SWI/SNF complex and cyclin-related genes and portends an extremely poor prognosis.

Imnecrosis can provide supplementary evidence beyond Panecrosis in grading, predicting the genotype and prognosis of gliomas, and ve in tumor parenchyma can help to predict tumor necrosis with high specificity.

We showed that ALL samples with fusions of any of the four tyrosine kinase genes were relatively sensitive to imatinib. In contrast, PDGFRB-fused ALL samples were less sensitive to dasatinib and bosutinib. Variation in ex vivo TKI response within the subset of samples with the same ABL-class tyrosine kinase gene was not associated with ALL immunophenotype, 5' fusion partner, the presence or absence of the Src-homology-2/3 domains, or deletions of IKZF1, PAX5, or CDKN2A/B. In conclusion, the tyrosine kinase gene involved in ABL-class ALL is the main determinant for TKI sensitivity and is relevant for specific TKI selection.

Additionally, somatic lesions involving ZEB2, SETD2, SH2B3, and CRLF2, were associated with reduced ex vivo imatinib sensitivity. Our data suggest that the poor prognostic value of IKZF1(plus) deletions is linked to intrinsic mechanisms of TKI resistance other than ABL1 kinase domain mutations in newly diagnosed pediatric and adult BCR::ABL1-positive BCP-ALL.

We report a large cohort for comparison of FISH and cytology in detecting malignant biliary strictures. FISH was more sensitive than cytology (84.2% vs 45.8%). FISH rarely produces false positive results (specificity 96.0% vs 100%).

Bone sarcomas associated with infarcts exhibit genomic instability, with pronounced copy number variations, especially in Chromosome 12. CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion is highly prevalent, whereas TP53 alterations appear less frequent than in osteosarcomas. MDM2 amplification and H3.3-G34 mutations are recurrent (33%).

P2, N=57, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025

Of the two long-term surviving patients, one had gliomatosis cerebri, and the other had pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with BRAF V600E mutation. In summary, our experience highlights the need for tissue diagnostics to allow detailed molecular biological characterization of the tumor, differentiation of the secondary tumor from the recurrence of the primary disease and potentially finding a therapeutic target.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization, DNA and RNA next-generation sequencing showed no mesothelioma-associated tumour suppressor gene mutations, but deletion of CDKN2A and a rare TFG-ADGRG7 fusion both reported in pleural mesotheliomas, were detected. Clinicians should consider malignancy in case of discrepancy between symptoms and objective findings in scrotal conditions.

p16 deletion in LGR5+ cell precursors triggers increased SCJ mucous-gland hyperplasia/metaplasia. KRAS synergizes with p16 deletion resulting in higher grades of SCJ glandular dysplasia, mimicking Barrett's high-grade dysplasia. These genetically modified mouse models establish a functional role of p16 and activated KRAS in the progression of Barrett's like lesions to dysplasia in mice, representing an in vivo model of esophageal pre-cancer. Derived 3D organoid models further provide in vitro modeling opportunities of esophageal pre-cancer stages.

Molecular alterations of grade 3 meningiomas stratify clinical outcomes more so than histologic features alone. Immunohistochemical loss of p16 and MTAP show promise in predicting CDKN2A/B status.

CDKN2A/B-deletion was observed across all the histological grades of IDH-mutant astrocytic tumours, expectedly more in the higher grade. FISH, as a method, can be used for the detection of CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion, when there is concordant interpretation.

Our observations suggest that F3T3-positive GBM is a distinct molecular subgroup of the IDH-wildtype GBM. Both clinicians and pathologists should consider this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of diffuse astrocytic glioma to make an accurate diagnosis and to ensure appropriate therapeutic management.

Conumee 2.0 is available under open-source license at: https://github.com/hovestadtlab/conumee2. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

It has been determined that any marker alone cannot be used for a definitive mesothelioma diagnosis in pleural effusion cytological specimens; however, sensitivity increases in some combinations. The combination of BAP1 immunohistochemistry and p16/CDKN2A homozygous deletion detected by FISH, which has a higher specificity and sensitivity, can be routinely used in the diagnosis of mesothelioma under the guidance of clinical and radiologic information.

The current WHO recognized grading criteria for IDH mutant astrocytomas show limited prognostic value. Stratification based on DNA methylation shows superior prognostic value for OS.

P1, N=22, Active, not recruiting, Prelude Therapeutics | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=61 --> 22

Combination of these parameters allows for improved prediction of outcome. These data aid in designing upcoming trials using IDH inhibitors.

Our data also suggest that LLC is a lung cancer similar to human lung adenocarcinoma. This study lays a molecular basis for the more targeted application of LLC in preclinical research.