This study demonstrates that RES significantly inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and migration of PC cells by mediating the succinylation of CDC42, which in turn inhibits the CDC42 signaling pathway and disrupts the dynamics of the ECM. This mechanism highlights the potential of RES as an anticancer agent and provides new insights for the development of therapeutic strategies for PC.

P2, N=17, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Trial completion date: Feb 2029 --> Nov 2027

Further proteomic and bioinformatics analysis implied that LIUS + MBs may reduce Cdc42 activity by upregulating the expression of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). Our research provides novel insight into the mechanism by which LIUS + MBs can inhibit tumor metastasis, highlighting its role in disturbing the Cdc42-mediated cytoskeletal remodelling of filopodia.

The serum CDC42 level associates with LNM, visceral metastasis, and worse prognosis in mCRPC patients underwent abiraterone plus prednisone therapy. However, future prospective, large-scale, and controlled studies are needed for validation.

Tetrandrine suppressed CM cell growth by triggering G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via IL-6/CDC42 inhibition. Tetrandrine should be a promising compound for CM treatment.

In conclusion, our results indicate a new mechanism whereby UBE2T-mediated ubiquitination positively controls the UBE2T/CDC42/CD276 axis to upregulate tumor cell expression of CD276 and thereby impair CD8+ T cells function, ultimately leading to tumor cell immune escape and BrM.

P2, N=17, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Trial completion date: Jan 2031 --> Feb 2029

P1, N=48, Recruiting, MBQ Pharma | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025

ATF3 suppresses cytoskeletal remodeling in CMM cells, thereby inhibiting CMM progression and metastasis through CDC42. This research may provide a foundation for using ATF3 as a therapeutic target for CMM.

P2, N=17, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

LINC01857 promotes PC cell proliferation and migration while obstructing cell apoptosis by binding to miR-450b-5p and thus regulating CDC42EP3 expression. The study presents a novel and promising regulatory axis, which holds potential for the identification of biomarkers and development of therapeutic strategies for PC treatment.

CASIN-PLGA-PEG-COOH NPs have high encapsulation efficiency, sustained drug release, good hemocompatibility, and antitumor activity in vitro. Our results suggest that PLGA-PEG-COOH nanoparticles loaded with CASIN show potential as a targeted treatment for colorectal cancer and could be recommended for further in vivo evaluation.